国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

電力電纜

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)是用(yong)于傳輸和分配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)常(chang)用(yong)于城市地下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站引出線路、工礦企業(ye)內部供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及過江海水下輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)線路中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)所(suo)占比重正逐漸增(zeng)加(jia)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)是在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)的(de)(de)主干線路中用(yong)以傳輸和分配(pei)大功(gong)率電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)產品，包括1-500KV以及以上(shang)各(ge)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級，各(ge)種絕緣的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。

中文名

電力電纜

基本簡介

電(dian)力電(dian)纜的使用(yong)至今已有百年

主要分類

分(fen)類：按(an)電壓等(deng)級(ji)分(fen)

簡介：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)至(zhi)今已有(you)百(bai)余(yu)年歷史(shi)。1879年，美國(guo)發(fa)(fa)明家T.A.愛迪生(sheng)在銅棒上(shang)包(bao)繞(rao)黃麻并將(jiang)其穿(chuan)入(ru)鐵管內，然后填充(chong)瀝青混合物制(zhi)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。他將(jiang)此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)敷設于紐約，開創了(le)(le)(le)地下輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。次年，英國(guo)人卡倫(lun)德發(fa)(fa)明瀝青浸漬紙(zhi)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。1889年，英國(guo)人S.Z.費蘭梯(ti)在倫(lun)敦與德特福德之間敷設了(le)(le)(le)10千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)油浸紙(zhi)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。1908年，英國(guo)建(jian)成(cheng)20千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)網。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)得到越來越廣(guang)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)。1911年，德國(guo)敷設成(cheng)60千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，開始了(le)(le)(le)高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展。1913年，德國(guo)人M.霍希施(shi)泰特研制(zhi)成(cheng)分(fen)相屏蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan),改善了(le)(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)內部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)分(fen)布,消除了(le)(le)(le)絕緣表面的(de)(de)(de)正切應(ying)力，成(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)發(fa)(fa)展中的(de)(de)(de)里程(cheng)碑。1952年，瑞典在北部發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠敷設了(le)(le)(le)380千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)超(chao)高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan),實現了(le)(le)(le)超(chao)高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)。到80年代已制(zhi)成(cheng)1100千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)、1200千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)的(de)(de)(de)特高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

分類：按電壓等級分

按電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等級(ji)可分(fen)為中、低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（35千伏(fu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下）、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(110千伏(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上)、超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（275～800千伏(fu)）以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)特高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（1000千伏(fu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上）。此外，還可按電(dian)流(liu)制(zhi)分(fen)為交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和(he)直流(liu)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

按絕(jue)緣材料(liao)分

1、油(you)(you)浸紙絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)以油(you)(you)浸紙作(zuo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)的(de)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)。其應用歷史最長(chang)(chang)。它安全可靠，使用壽命長(chang)(chang)，價(jia)格低廉。主要(yao)缺點(dian)是敷設(she)受(shou)落差限制。自從(cong)開發出不滴流浸紙絕(jue)緣(yuan)后，解決了落差限制問題，使油(you)(you)浸紙絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)纜(lan)得(de)以繼續廣泛應用。

2、塑料(liao)絕緣電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan) 　絕緣層為擠壓(ya)塑料(liao)的(de)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)。常用的(de)塑料(liao)有聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)、聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)、交(jiao)聯聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)。塑料(liao)電(dian)纜(lan)結構簡單(dan),制造加工方(fang)便，重量輕，敷設(she)安裝方(fang)便,不受敷設(she)落差限制。因(yin)此廣泛(fan)應用作中低壓(ya)電(dian)纜(lan)，并有取代(dai)粘性(xing)浸漬油紙(zhi)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)趨勢。其(qi)最大缺(que)點(dian)是存(cun)在(zai)樹枝(zhi)化擊(ji)穿現象，這限制了它在(zai)更高電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)使用。

3、橡皮(pi)絕緣電(dian)力電(dian)纜　絕緣層為(wei)橡膠(jiao)加上各(ge)種(zhong)配合(he)劑，經過充分混煉后擠包在導電(dian)線芯上，經過加溫硫化而成。它(ta)柔(rou)軟，富(fu)有彈性，適合(he)于(yu)移動頻繁、敷設彎曲半徑小的場合(he)。

常用作絕緣的(de)膠(jiao)料(liao)有(you)天然膠(jiao)-丁(ding)苯膠(jiao)混合(he)物，乙丙(bing)膠(jiao)、丁(ding)基膠(jiao)等。

按電壓(ya)等級(ji)分

1、低壓電(dian)纜(lan)：適用(yong)于固定敷設在交流50Hz，額(e)定電(dian)壓3kv及(ji)以下的(de)輸(shu)配電(dian)線路上作輸(shu)送電(dian)能用(yong)。

2、中(zhong)低壓電(dian)纜(lan)：（一般指35KV及以下(xia)）：聚(ju)氯乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)纜(lan)，聚(ju)乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)纜(lan)，交聯聚(ju)乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)纜(lan)等。

3、高壓電纜：（一般為110KV及以上(shang)）：聚乙烯電纜和交聯聚乙烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)電纜等。

4、超高壓(ya)電纜：（275～800千伏）。

5、特(te)高壓(ya)電纜：（1000千(qian)伏(fu)及以上）。

基本結構(gou)：電力電纜的(de)基本結構(gou)由線芯(xin)（導(dao)體）、絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)、屏蔽層(ceng)和保護層(ceng)四部分組成。

1.線芯是電(dian)力電(dian)纜的導(dao)電(dian)部(bu)分，用來(lai)輸送(song)電(dian)能(neng)，是電(dian)力電(dian)纜的主要部(bu)分。

2.絕(jue)緣層(ceng)是將線芯與(yu)大地(di)以及不同相的線芯間在(zai)電(dian)(dian)氣上彼此(ci)隔(ge)離，保證電(dian)(dian)能輸送(song)，是電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜結構中不可缺少的組成部分。

3.15KV及(ji)以上的電力電纜一般都(dou)有導體(ti)屏(ping)蔽(bi)層和絕(jue)緣屏(ping)蔽(bi)層。

4.保(bao)護層的作用是(shi)保(bao)護電力(li)(li)電纜免受外界(jie)雜質和水分的侵入(ru)，以(yi)及防止(zhi)外力(li)(li)直接(jie)損(sun)壞電力(li)(li)電纜。

主(zhu)要優點：

1占地(di)少。一般埋設于(yu)土(tu)壤中或敷(fu)設于(yu)室內，溝道(dao)，隧道(dao)中，線間絕緣距離(li)小，不(bu)用(yong)桿塔，占地(di)少，基本不(bu)占地(di)面(mian)上空間。

2可靠(kao)性(xing)高。受氣候條件和周圍環境影響小，傳(chuan)輸(shu)性(xing)能(neng)穩定(ding)，可靠(kao)性(xing)高。

3具(ju)有向超(chao)高壓，大容量(liang)發展的更為有利(li)的條件，如低溫(wen)，超(chao)導(dao)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜等。

4分布電容較大。

5維護工作量少。

6電擊可能性小。

型(xing)號說明

電力(li)電纜的(de)型號

1.用漢語拼音第(di)一(yi)個字母的大寫表(biao)(biao)示絕緣種類、導(dao)體材料(liao)、內護層(ceng)材料(liao)和結構特(te)點。如用Z代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)紙（zhi）；L代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)鋁（lv）；Q代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)鉛（qian）；F代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)分相（fen）；ZR代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)阻燃（zuran）；NH代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)耐火（naihuo）。

2.用數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表(biao)示(shi)外護層構成，有二位數(shu)字(zi)(zi)。無數(shu)字(zi)(zi)代表(biao)無鎧裝(zhuang)層，無外被(bei)層。第(di)一位數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表(biao)示(shi)鎧裝(zhuang)，第(di)二位數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表(biao)示(shi)外被(bei)，如(ru)粗鋼絲鎧裝(zhuang)纖維外被(bei)表(biao)示(shi)為41。

3.電(dian)纜型(xing)號按電(dian)纜結構的排列一(yi)般(ban)依次序(xu)為(wei)：絕(jue)緣材(cai)料；導體材(cai)料；內護(hu)層；外(wai)護(hu)層。

4.電(dian)纜產品用型(xing)號(hao)、額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)規格(ge)表示。其方法是在型(xing)號(hao)后再加上(shang)說明(ming)額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)、芯數(shu)和(he)標稱截面積的(de)。

型號詳細說明

（1）類別：H——市內(nei)通信(xin)電纜HP——配線電纜HJ——局用電纜

（2）絕緣：Y——聚乙烯(xi)絕緣YF——泡沫聚烯(xi)烴絕緣YP——泡沫/實心皮聚烯(xi)烴絕緣

（3）內(nei)護層(ceng)：A——涂塑鋁(lv)帶粘接(jie)屏(ping)(ping)蔽聚(ju)乙(yi)烯護套S——鋁(lv)，鋼(gang)雙層(ceng)金屬帶屏(ping)(ping)蔽聚(ju)乙(yi)烯護套      V——聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯護套

（4）特征(zheng)：T——石油(you)膏填充(chong)G——高頻(pin)隔(ge)離(li)C——自(zi)承式

（5）外護(hu)層(ceng)：23——雙層(ceng)防腐鋼帶繞包銷裝聚(ju)乙烯外被層(ceng)

33——單層細鋼絲鎧裝(zhuang)聚乙烯被層

43——單層粗鋼絲鎧(kai)裝(zhuang)聚(ju)乙烯被層

53——單層鋼帶(dai)皺紋縱包鎧(kai)裝聚乙烯外被層

553——雙層鋼(gang)帶皺紋縱包鎧裝(zhuang)聚乙(yi)烯(xi)外被層

2） BV 銅芯聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)絕緣電(dian)線；BLV 鋁芯聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)絕緣電(dian)線；

BVV 銅芯聚氯乙烯絕緣聚氯乙烯護套(tao)電線；BLVV 鋁芯聚氯乙烯絕緣聚氯乙烯護套(tao)電線；

BVR 銅芯聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣軟(ruan)線；RV 銅芯聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣安裝軟(ruan)線；

RVB 銅(tong)芯聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣平型(xing)連接線(xian)軟(ruan)線(xian)；BVS 銅(tong)芯聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣絞型(xing)軟(ruan)線(xian)；

RVV 銅芯(xin)聚(ju)氯乙烯絕(jue)緣聚(ju)氯乙烯護套軟(ruan)線；BYR 聚(ju)乙烯絕(jue)緣軟(ruan)電線；

BYVR 聚乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)聚氯乙(yi)烯護套軟線；RY 聚乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)軟線；

RYV 聚乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)聚氯乙(yi)烯(xi)護(hu)套軟線(xian)

3）WD：無鹵低煙(yan)型(xing)ZR: 阻燃型(xing)NH：耐火(huo)型(xing)DH：防(fang)火(huo)型(xing)