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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全(quan)    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電(dian)力照明和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)又稱船(chuan)用(yong)電力電纜(lan)，是(shi)一種用(yong)于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照(zhao)明(ming)和一般(ban)控(kong)制之用(yong)的電線電纜(lan)。

主要用途：應用于用于河(he)海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水(shui)上建筑(zhu)的電力、照明和一般控(kong)制之用。

執行標準：船用(yong)電力電纜的(de)執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電力(li)電纜主要參數(shu)(shu)有型號(hao)規格、芯(xin)數(shu)(shu)、燃燒特性(xing)、額定電壓(ya)、溫(wen)度(du)、標稱截面積等主要參數(shu)(shu)。

2分類

從(cong)種類(lei)上分(fen)，船用電纜可分(fen)為兩類(lei)：民船用電線電纜、軍艦用電線電纜。

從用(yong)(yong)途上(shang)分，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為三類：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)通(tong)訊(xun)電(dian)纜(lan)。其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)分別(bie)是(shi)：

船(chuan)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海(hai)上(shang)石(shi)油平臺等水上(shang)建(jian)筑的電(dian)力、照明(ming)和一般控制之用。

船用控制(zhi)電纜：用于河海各種船舶及海上石油(you)平(ping)臺等水(shui)上建筑一般控制(zhi)之用。

船用(yong)通信電纜：用(yong)于各(ge)種傳播通信、電子計算機、信息處理設備中的信號傳輸(shu)和控制系統(tong)。

3選擇原則

船舶電力(li)系統中各電纜(lan)的選擇步驟和原則

1、根據(ju)電纜的(de)用途(tu)、敷設(she)位置和工作(zuo)條(tiao)件選擇合適的(de)電纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的(de)工作制、電(dian)源種(zhong)類、電(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)流選(xuan)擇合(he)適(shi)的(de)電(dian)纜截面(mian)。

3、根據系統(tong)短(duan)路電(dian)流計算(suan)結(jie)果(guo)，片斷電(dian)纜的(de)短(duan)路容量是否滿足要求(qiu)。

4、 根據(ju)環境溫度對電(dian)纜的(de)額定載(zai)流(liu)(liu)量進(jin)行修正，然(ran)后再判斷電(dian)纜的(de)允(yun)許(xu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)是否(fou)大于負載(zai)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷(fu)設(she)修(xiu)正系數，對電纜的額(e)定載流(liu)量進行(xing)修(xiu)正，然后，再判(pan)斷電纜的允(yun)許電流(liu)是否(fou)大于(yu)負載電流(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)路電(dian)壓(ya)降(jiang)，判斷線(xian)路電(dian)壓(ya)降(jiang)是(shi)否小于規定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝置(zhi)的(de)整定值，判斷(duan)電纜(lan)與(yu)保(bao)護裝置(zhi)是(shi)否(fou)協調；如(ru)果不協調，判斷(duan)是(shi)否(fou)可(ke)以改變合適的(de)保(bao)護裝置(zhi)或整定值，否(fou)則應重(zhong)新選擇(ze)合適的(de)電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型(xing)號的(de)選(xuan)擇應考(kao)慮(lv)下(xia)述因素：

1、電纜的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力(li)、照明和無線電通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫(wen)和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定(ding)敷設(she)、穿管數設(she)和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內(nei)外船(chuan)舶工業(ye)的發展，預計未(wei)來船(chuan)舶市場需(xu)求呈(cheng)現出以大噸位為主，具有(you)高(gao)技術含(han)量和高(gao)附加值等特點。

調查顯示，世界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加(jia)速向中(zhong)國(guo)轉移。目前我(wo)國(guo)長三角地區，依靠其(qi)黃金(jin)水道(dao)與(yu)(yu)黃金(jin)海岸交匯的(de)地緣優勢，已經成為世界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的(de)集聚區。國(guo)際市(shi)場受外部經濟環境而影響(xiang)，與(yu)(yu)前幾年相比將有短時期的(de)低迷(mi)。但是國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)將會持續興旺，受到(dao)我(wo)國(guo)海洋開發戰(zhan)略實(shi)施(shi)的(de)影響(xiang)，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)面(mian)臨(lin)巨大(da)發展空(kong)間。我(wo)國(guo)能成功制造(zao)的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)種類不斷增加(jia)，例如(ru)：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋漁(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天(tian)然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙(cang)蓋集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)；另外還(huan)有與(yu)(yu)緝(ji)私艇、救生艇、游艇等(deng)小(xiao)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)艦艇。

我國(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業的(de)快速發展，將進一(yi)步拉動船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)需(xu)求。受(shou)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)作環(huan)境的(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)上(shang)所使用(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜基本(ben)都是無(wu)鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜。在海上(shang)平(ping)臺作業中(zhong)，縱向水(shui)(shui)密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)纜、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜將會得到大量使用(yong)。我國(guo)整(zheng)體的(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜行(xing)業受(shou)國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業的(de)發展需(xu)求量也會大大增加；而軍用(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)下航行(xing)體、魚雷(lei)、水(shui)(shui)下誘(you)餌(er)、水(shui)(shui)下偵察器的(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜和光纖光纜市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)需(xu)求也會大幅(fu)度增加。除此之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)維修以及碼(ma)頭等相關設施的(de)建設也會為其他常用(yong)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜提供很大的(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)需(xu)求空(kong)間(jian)。