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船用電纜

中文名(ming)

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)照明(ming)和一般控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)又(you)稱(cheng)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)，是一(yi)種用(yong)于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等(deng)水上建筑的(de)電(dian)力、照(zhao)明和一(yi)般控制之用(yong)的(de)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河(he)海各種船舶及海上石油(you)平臺等水上建筑的(de)電(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)。

執(zhi)行標準：船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜的執(zhi)行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電力電纜主要(yao)參數有型號規(gui)格、芯數、燃燒(shao)特性、額定電壓(ya)、溫(wen)度(du)、標(biao)稱截(jie)面積等主要(yao)參數。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)纜可分(fen)為兩類：民船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜、軍艦用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜。

從(cong)用途(tu)上分，船用電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜可分為三類：船/艦用電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、船/艦用控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、船/艦用通訊電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。其作用分別是：

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜：用(yong)于河海各種船舶及(ji)海上石油(you)平(ping)臺等水(shui)上建筑的電(dian)(dian)力(li)、照明(ming)和一般(ban)控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)控(kong)制電纜：用(yong)于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船用(yong)通信電(dian)纜：用(yong)于(yu)各(ge)種傳播通信、電(dian)子計算機、信息處理(li)設(she)備(bei)中的信號傳輸(shu)和(he)控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電(dian)力(li)系統(tong)中各電(dian)纜的選擇步(bu)驟和原則

1、根據(ju)電纜(lan)(lan)的用途、敷設位置和工(gong)作條(tiao)件(jian)選(xuan)擇合適的電纜(lan)(lan)型號。

2、 根據(ju)用電(dian)(dian)設備的(de)工作制、電(dian)(dian)源種(zhong)類、電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)線芯和負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流(liu)選擇合適的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)截(jie)面。

3、根據系統(tong)短路電(dian)流計算結果，片斷電(dian)纜的短路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境(jing)溫度對電纜的(de)額(e)定載流(liu)量進行修正，然后再判斷電纜的(de)允(yun)許電流(liu)是否大于(yu)負(fu)載電流(liu)。

5、 根據(ju)成束敷設修正系數，對電纜(lan)的(de)額定載(zai)流量(liang)進行修正，然后，再(zai)判斷電纜(lan)的(de)允許電流是(shi)否大于負載(zai)電流。

6、校核(he)線路電(dian)(dian)壓降，判斷線路電(dian)(dian)壓降是否小(xiao)于規定值(zhi)。

7、根據保護(hu)裝置(zhi)的(de)整(zheng)定值，判(pan)斷電纜與保護(hu)裝置(zhi)是(shi)否協調；如果(guo)不協調，判(pan)斷是(shi)否可(ke)以(yi)改變合適(shi)的(de)保護(hu)裝置(zhi)或整(zheng)定值，否則應重新選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的(de)電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的(de)選擇應考(kao)慮下述(shu)因素(su)：

1、電(dian)纜的(de)用途———用于動(dong)力、照明和無線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設(she)位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫(wen)和是否要求(qiu)屏蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條件———固(gu)定(ding)敷(fu)設、穿管數設和可(ke)移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工業的發展，預計未(wei)來船(chuan)舶(bo)市場需求呈現出(chu)以大噸(dun)位為主，具有高技術含量(liang)和(he)高附加值等特點。

調查顯示，世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正(zheng)在加速向中國(guo)轉移。目前我國(guo)長三(san)角地區(qu)，依靠其黃金水道與黃金海岸交(jiao)匯的(de)(de)(de)(de)地緣優勢(shi)，已經成為世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉移的(de)(de)(de)(de)集聚區(qu)。國(guo)際市(shi)場受外部經濟(ji)環(huan)境而(er)影響，與前幾年相比將有短(duan)時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)低迷。但是國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業將會持續興(xing)旺，受到我國(guo)海洋開發戰略實施的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業面臨(lin)巨(ju)大發展空間。我國(guo)能成功制造的(de)(de)(de)(de)新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增(zeng)加，例如：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)(ye)化(hua)石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)(ye)化(hua)天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口(kou)多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼(yi)客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)；另外還有與緝私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國(guo)(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業的快速發展，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的市(shi)場(chang)需求。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工作(zuo)環境的影響，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶上所使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜基(ji)本(ben)都是(shi)無鹵、低煙型、耐(nai)鹽堿的特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。在海(hai)上平臺(tai)作(zuo)業中，縱向水(shui)密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜將會(hui)(hui)得到大(da)量使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)(guo)整(zheng)體的船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜行(xing)(xing)業受(shou)國(guo)(guo)內外船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業的發展需求量也(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)；而軍用(yong)(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下航行(xing)(xing)體、魚雷、水(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)下偵察器的專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜市(shi)場(chang)需求也(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)幅度增加(jia)。除(chu)此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的維修以(yi)及碼頭等(deng)相關設(she)施的建設(she)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)為其他(ta)常用(yong)(yong)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜提供很大(da)的市(shi)場(chang)需求空間。