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船用電纜

中文(wen)名

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑(zhu)的電力照明和一般(ban)控(kong)制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電纜(lan)又稱船用(yong)電力電纜(lan)，是一(yi)種用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水上建(jian)筑的電力、照明(ming)和一(yi)般控制(zhi)之用(yong)的電線電纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)途：應(ying)用(yong)于用(yong)于河海各種船舶(bo)及海上石(shi)油(you)平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的電力(li)、照明和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

執行(xing)標(biao)準：船用電力電纜的執行(xing)標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)主要參(can)(can)數有(you)型號規格(ge)、芯數、燃燒特(te)性(xing)、額定電(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參(can)(can)數。

2分類

從種類(lei)上分，船用(yong)電纜(lan)可(ke)分為(wei)兩類(lei)：民船用(yong)電線(xian)電纜(lan)、軍艦(jian)用(yong)電線(xian)電纜(lan)。

從用途上分(fen)，船(chuan)用電纜可分(fen)為(wei)三類：船(chuan)/艦用電力電纜、船(chuan)/艦用控制電纜、船(chuan)/艦用通(tong)訊(xun)電纜。其作用分(fen)別(bie)是：

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)：用(yong)于河(he)海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照(zhao)明和一般控制之用(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)控制(zhi)(zhi)電纜：用(yong)(yong)于河海(hai)各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶(bo)及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑一般控制(zhi)(zhi)之用(yong)(yong)。

船用通信(xin)電(dian)(dian)纜：用于各種傳播(bo)通信(xin)、電(dian)(dian)子計算機、信(xin)息(xi)處理(li)設(she)備中的信(xin)號傳輸(shu)和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電力系(xi)統(tong)中各(ge)電纜(lan)的選(xuan)擇步(bu)驟(zou)和(he)原(yuan)則

1、根據電纜的用(yong)途、敷設位置和(he)工作條件選(xuan)擇合適的電纜型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電(dian)(dian)設(she)備的工作制、電(dian)(dian)源種類、電(dian)(dian)纜線(xian)芯和負載電(dian)(dian)流選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根(gen)據系統短(duan)路(lu)電流計算結(jie)果，片斷電纜的短(duan)路(lu)容量是否滿(man)足要(yao)求。

4、 根據(ju)環境溫(wen)度對電(dian)(dian)纜的額定載流量進行修正，然后再判斷電(dian)(dian)纜的允許電(dian)(dian)流是否大于(yu)負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流。

5、 根據成束敷設(she)修正(zheng)系(xi)數，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的額定(ding)載(zai)流(liu)量進(jin)行修正(zheng)，然(ran)后，再判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的允許電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)是否大(da)于負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核(he)線路(lu)電壓降(jiang)，判斷線路(lu)電壓降(jiang)是否小于規定值(zhi)。

7、根據(ju)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)整(zheng)定(ding)值，判(pan)斷電纜(lan)與保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)協調(diao)；如果不協調(diao)，判(pan)斷是(shi)(shi)否(fou)可(ke)以改變合(he)適的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)或整(zheng)定(ding)值，否(fou)則應重新(xin)選(xuan)擇合(he)適的(de)電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號(hao)的選擇應考慮(lv)下述因素：

1、電纜的用(yong)(yong)途———用(yong)(yong)于(yu)動力(li)、照明和(he)無線電通信等。

2、電纜(lan)敷設位(wei)置(zhi)———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工(gong)作條件———固定敷設(she)、穿管數設(she)和可移動等(deng)。

4發展趨勢

根據幾(ji)年國內外船舶(bo)工業(ye)的發(fa)展，預計未來船舶(bo)市場需求(qiu)呈現出以大噸位為主，具(ju)有高(gao)技術含(han)量和(he)高(gao)附(fu)加值等(deng)特點。

調查(cha)顯示，世界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加(jia)速(su)向中(zhong)國轉(zhuan)移。目前我(wo)國長三角(jiao)地(di)區，依靠(kao)其黃金(jin)水(shui)道(dao)與(yu)(yu)黃金(jin)海岸(an)交匯的(de)(de)地(di)緣優勢，已經成(cheng)為世界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投(tou)資轉(zhuan)移的(de)(de)集(ji)聚(ju)區。國際市(shi)場受(shou)外(wai)部經濟(ji)環境而影(ying)響(xiang)，與(yu)(yu)前幾年相比將有短(duan)時期的(de)(de)低迷。但是國內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我(wo)國海洋開發(fa)戰略實施(shi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，國內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)面臨(lin)巨大(da)發(fa)展空間。我(wo)國能(neng)成(cheng)功制(zhi)造(zao)的(de)(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類不(bu)斷(duan)增加(jia)，例如：成(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷(leng)藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速(su)無(wu)艙蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速(su)水(shui)翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等(deng)；另外(wai)還有與(yu)(yu)緝(ji)私艇、救生艇、游艇等(deng)小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇。

我國(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業的(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)展(zhan)，將(jiang)進一步拉(la)動船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求(qiu)。受船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)上(shang)所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本都是(shi)無(wu)鹵、低(di)煙(yan)型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在海(hai)上(shang)平(ping)臺作(zuo)業中，縱向水(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將(jiang)會得到(dao)大量使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業受國(guo)內(nei)外船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)需求(qiu)量也(ye)(ye)會大大增加；而軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)航行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)誘(you)餌、水(shui)下(xia)偵(zhen)察(cha)器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求(qiu)也(ye)(ye)會大幅度增加。除此之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭(tou)等(deng)相(xiang)關設施的(de)(de)(de)建設也(ye)(ye)會為其(qi)他常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提供很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求(qiu)空(kong)間(jian)。