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船用電纜

中文(wen)名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明(ming)和一般控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜，是一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石油平臺(tai)等(deng)水上建(jian)筑的(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)、照(zhao)明和一般控(kong)制之用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于(yu)用(yong)于(yu)河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照(zhao)明和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

執行標準：船用電力(li)電纜的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電力電纜主要(yao)參數(shu)有(you)型(xing)號規格(ge)、芯數(shu)、燃燒特性、額(e)定(ding)電壓(ya)、溫度(du)、標稱(cheng)截面積等(deng)主要(yao)參數(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船用電(dian)纜可(ke)分(fen)為兩類：民船用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜、軍艦用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜。

從用途上分(fen)(fen)，船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可(ke)分(fen)(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用控制電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用通訊電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。其作用分(fen)(fen)別(bie)是(shi)：

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用于河海各種船舶(bo)及海上石(shi)油平臺等(deng)水(shui)上建筑(zhu)的電(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用。

船(chuan)(chuan)用控制電(dian)纜：用于河海(hai)各(ge)種(zhong)船(chuan)(chuan)舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑一般控制之用。

船用通信(xin)(xin)電纜：用于各種傳(chuan)播(bo)通信(xin)(xin)、電子計(ji)算(suan)機、信(xin)(xin)息處理(li)設備中的(de)信(xin)(xin)號傳(chuan)輸和控(kong)制(zhi)系統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電(dian)力系統中各電(dian)纜的選擇步驟和原則

1、根據電纜的用途、敷(fu)設位(wei)置(zhi)和工作(zuo)條件選擇合(he)適的電纜型(xing)號。

2、 根據用電設備的工(gong)作制(zhi)、電源種類、電纜(lan)(lan)線(xian)芯和負(fu)載電流選擇合(he)適(shi)的電纜(lan)(lan)截面。

3、根據系(xi)統短路電流計(ji)算結(jie)果，片斷電纜(lan)的短路容(rong)量是否滿足(zu)要(yao)求。

4、 根據環境溫度對電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載流量進行修正，然后再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的允(yun)許電(dian)流是(shi)否大于(yu)負(fu)載電(dian)流。

5、 根(gen)據成(cheng)束敷設修(xiu)正系數，對電纜(lan)的(de)額定載流(liu)量進(jin)行修(xiu)正，然后，再判斷電纜(lan)的(de)允許電流(liu)是否大于(yu)負(fu)載電流(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)路(lu)電壓降，判(pan)斷線(xian)路(lu)電壓降是否小于規定值。

7、根據保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整定值(zhi)，判斷電纜與保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是否協調(diao)；如果不(bu)協調(diao)，判斷是否可以改變合(he)適的保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或(huo)整定值(zhi)，否則應重新選(xuan)擇(ze)合(he)適的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型(xing)號的選擇(ze)應考(kao)慮下述因素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途———用于動力、照(zhao)明和無(wu)線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥、潮(chao)濕(shi)、低溫和(he)是否要(yao)求屏蔽(bi)等。

3、工(gong)作(zuo)條(tiao)件———固(gu)定敷設(she)、穿管數設(she)和可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾年國內(nei)外船(chuan)舶工業的(de)發展(zhan)，預計未來船(chuan)舶市場需(xu)求呈(cheng)現出以(yi)大噸位為主(zhu)，具有(you)高技(ji)術(shu)含(han)量和(he)高附加值等特點。

調查顯示，世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正(zheng)在(zai)加速向中國(guo)轉(zhuan)移。目前(qian)我國(guo)長三角地區，依靠其黃(huang)金(jin)水道與黃(huang)金(jin)海岸交匯的(de)地緣優勢，已經成為世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉(zhuan)移的(de)集聚區。國(guo)際市場受(shou)外(wai)部經濟環(huan)境(jing)而影響，與前(qian)幾(ji)年(nian)相比(bi)將(jiang)有短時期(qi)的(de)低迷(mi)。但(dan)是國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)將(jiang)會持續興旺(wang)，受(shou)到(dao)我國(guo)海洋開發戰略(lve)實施(shi)的(de)影響，國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)面臨巨(ju)大(da)(da)發展空間。我國(guo)能成功制造的(de)新(xin)型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不(bu)斷增(zeng)加，例如(ru)：成品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學(xue)品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)(ye)化石油氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)(ye)化天(tian)然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)艙(cang)口多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭(suo)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙(cang)蓋集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲(chu)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)；另外(wai)還有與緝私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)小(xiao)型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國船(chuan)舶工業的(de)(de)(de)快速發展，將(jiang)進一(yi)步拉動船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市場需求。受(shou)船(chuan)舶工作環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶上所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本(ben)都是無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在(zai)海(hai)上平臺作業中，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將(jiang)會得到大(da)(da)量使(shi)用(yong)。我國整體的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)業受(shou)國內外(wai)船(chuan)舶工業的(de)(de)(de)發展需求量也會大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加；而軍用(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)、水下航行(xing)體、魚雷、水下誘餌、水下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)(lan)市場需求也會大(da)(da)幅度增加。除此之外(wai)，船(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)維修(xiu)以(yi)及碼頭等相關設施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)建設也會為(wei)其他常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供(gong)很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)市場需求空間。