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船用電纜

中(zhong)文名

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明和一般控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)又稱船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)于河(he)海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的(de)電(dian)力、照明和(he)一(yi)(yi)般控(kong)制之用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)途(tu)：應用(yong)于(yu)用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上石油平(ping)臺等水(shui)上建筑的電力、照明(ming)和(he)一般控制之用(yong)。

執行標(biao)準：船(chuan)用(yong)電力(li)電纜的執行標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜主要(yao)參(can)數有型號規格、芯數、燃(ran)燒特(te)性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截(jie)面(mian)積等主要(yao)參(can)數。

2分類

從種類上分，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可(ke)分為兩類：民船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途(tu)上分，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜可(ke)分為三類：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)纜。其(qi)作用(yong)分別(bie)是：

船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電力(li)電纜：用(yong)(yong)于河(he)海各種船(chuan)(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等(deng)水上建(jian)筑的電力(li)、照明(ming)和一般控制之用(yong)(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)控制電纜：用(yong)于河海各(ge)種船(chuan)舶及海上(shang)石(shi)油平臺等水上(shang)建筑一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船用通(tong)信(xin)電纜：用于(yu)各(ge)種傳(chuan)播通(tong)信(xin)、電子(zi)計算機、信(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)號傳(chuan)輸和(he)控制系統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電(dian)力系統中各(ge)電(dian)纜的選(xuan)擇步(bu)驟和原則

1、根(gen)據電纜的用(yong)途、敷設位置和工作條(tiao)件選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的電纜型號。

2、 根據(ju)用電(dian)設備(bei)的工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線芯和負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)流選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)纜截面(mian)。

3、根(gen)據(ju)系統短路電流計算結果，片斷電纜(lan)的短路容量是否(fou)滿足要求。

4、 根據環(huan)境溫度對(dui)電(dian)纜的(de)額定(ding)載流量(liang)進行(xing)修正，然后再判(pan)斷電(dian)纜的(de)允許(xu)電(dian)流是(shi)否(fou)大于負載電(dian)流。

5、 根據成束敷設(she)修正系數(shu)，對電纜的(de)(de)額定載流量進(jin)行(xing)修正，然后(hou)，再判斷電纜的(de)(de)允許電流是(shi)否大于負載電流。

6、校核線路(lu)電(dian)壓降，判(pan)斷(duan)線路(lu)電(dian)壓降是否(fou)小于規定值。

7、根(gen)據保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)的整定(ding)值(zhi)，判斷電纜與保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)是否(fou)協(xie)(xie)調；如果不協(xie)(xie)調，判斷是否(fou)可以改變合適(shi)的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)或整定(ding)值(zhi)，否(fou)則應重新選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的電纜載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應(ying)考慮(lv)下述因素(su)：

1、電纜的用途(tu)———用于動力(li)、照明和無線電通信等(deng)。

2、電(dian)纜敷設位置(zhi)———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是(shi)否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件———固(gu)定敷設、穿管(guan)數(shu)設和可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾年國(guo)內(nei)外船(chuan)舶工業(ye)的發展，預計未(wei)來船(chuan)舶市場需求呈現出以(yi)大噸(dun)位為主，具(ju)有(you)高技術含(han)量和高附加(jia)值等特點(dian)。

調查(cha)顯示，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正在加速向(xiang)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)轉移(yi)。目前(qian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)長三角地區(qu)，依(yi)靠其黃金(jin)水道與(yu)黃金(jin)海(hai)岸交匯的地緣優勢，已(yi)經成為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉移(yi)的集聚區(qu)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)際市場(chang)受(shou)外部經濟環境而影(ying)響(xiang)，與(yu)前(qian)幾年相比將(jiang)有(you)(you)短時期的低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業將(jiang)會持續(xu)興旺(wang)，受(shou)到(dao)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋開發戰略實施(shi)的影(ying)響(xiang)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業面(mian)臨巨大發展空間。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)能成功制(zhi)造的新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類(lei)不斷增加，例如：成品(pin)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石油氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口(kou)多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿(chuan)梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼(yi)客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等(deng)；另外還有(you)(you)與(yu)緝(ji)私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游(you)艇(ting)等(deng)小(xiao)型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇(ting)。

我(wo)(wo)國船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業的(de)(de)快速發展，將(jiang)進一步拉動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工作(zuo)環(huan)境的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都是(shi)無(wu)鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海(hai)上平臺(tai)作(zuo)業中，縱向水密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)得到大量使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。我(wo)(wo)國整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業受國內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業的(de)(de)發展需(xu)求(qiu)量也會(hui)大大增加(jia)(jia)；而軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)、水下航(hang)行體、魚雷、水下誘(you)餌、水下偵(zhen)察器的(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)也會(hui)大幅度增加(jia)(jia)。除此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等相關設施的(de)(de)建(jian)設也會(hui)為其(qi)他常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很大的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)空間。