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船用電纜

中文(wen)名

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照(zhao)明和一般控(kong)制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電纜(lan)又稱船用(yong)電力電纜(lan)，是(shi)一種用(yong)于河海各(ge)種船舶及海上石(shi)油平臺(tai)等水上建筑(zhu)的電力、照明和(he)一般控制之用(yong)的電線電纜(lan)。

主要(yao)用途：應用于用于河海各(ge)種船舶及海上石油(you)平(ping)臺等水上建筑的電力、照(zhao)明(ming)和一般控制之用。

執(zhi)行標準(zhun)(zhun)：船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜的執(zhi)行標準(zhun)(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜主要(yao)參(can)數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒(shao)特性、額定(ding)電(dian)壓、溫度、標(biao)稱截(jie)面積(ji)等主要(yao)參(can)數。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船用電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜可分(fen)為(wei)兩類：民(min)船用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、軍艦用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。

從用(yong)(yong)途(tu)上分(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電纜可分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)電力電纜、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)控(kong)制電纜、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)通訊電纜。其作用(yong)(yong)分(fen)別是(shi)：

船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電力(li)電纜：用(yong)于河(he)海各種船(chuan)(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等(deng)水(shui)上建筑的電力(li)、照明(ming)和一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)控(kong)制電纜：用(yong)于河海(hai)各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶(bo)及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑一般控(kong)制之用(yong)。

船用通信電(dian)纜：用于(yu)各(ge)種傳播通信、電(dian)子(zi)計算機、信息處理設備中的信號傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電力系統中(zhong)各(ge)電纜的選擇(ze)步驟(zou)和原則

1、根據電(dian)纜(lan)的用途、敷設位置和工作條件選擇合(he)適的電(dian)纜(lan)型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的工(gong)作制、電(dian)源(yuan)種類、電(dian)纜線芯和(he)負載電(dian)流選(xuan)擇合適的電(dian)纜截面(mian)。

3、根據系統短(duan)路電(dian)流計算(suan)結果，片斷電(dian)纜(lan)的短(duan)路容量(liang)是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境(jing)溫度對(dui)電纜(lan)的額(e)定(ding)載(zai)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)進行修正，然(ran)后再判(pan)斷電纜(lan)的允(yun)許電流(liu)(liu)是(shi)否大于負(fu)載(zai)電流(liu)(liu)。

5、 根據成(cheng)束敷設修正系數，對電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)額(e)定載流量進行修正，然(ran)后，再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)允許電(dian)流是(shi)否大于(yu)負載電(dian)流。

6、校核線(xian)路(lu)電(dian)壓降，判斷線(xian)路(lu)電(dian)壓降是否小(xiao)于規(gui)定值。

7、根據保護裝置的整(zheng)定值，判斷電(dian)纜(lan)與保護裝置是否(fou)協(xie)調；如果不協(xie)調，判斷是否(fou)可以改變合適的保護裝置或整(zheng)定值，否(fou)則應重新選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)纜(lan)載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電(dian)纜型(xing)號的(de)選擇應考慮下述(shu)因素：

1、電(dian)纜的(de)用途———用于動力、照明和無線電(dian)通(tong)信等。

2、電(dian)纜敷設位(wei)置———干燥、潮(chao)濕、低溫和(he)是否(fou)要求屏蔽(bi)等(deng)。

3、工(gong)作條件(jian)———固定敷設、穿管數(shu)設和可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾(ji)年國(guo)內外船舶工(gong)業的發展，預計未來船舶市(shi)場需(xu)求呈現出以大噸位為主(zhu)，具(ju)有高技術含量和(he)高附(fu)加值等特(te)點。

調查(cha)顯示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在(zai)加速(su)向中國(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。目前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)長三角地(di)區(qu)，依靠其(qi)黃金水道與黃金海(hai)岸(an)交匯的(de)地(di)緣優勢，已經成(cheng)為世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)集聚區(qu)。國(guo)(guo)際市場受(shou)外部經濟環(huan)境而影(ying)(ying)響，與前(qian)幾(ji)年相比將有短時期(qi)的(de)低迷。但(dan)是國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業將會(hui)持續興旺，受(shou)到我國(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋開發(fa)戰略實施(shi)的(de)影(ying)(ying)響，國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業面臨巨大(da)發(fa)展空間。我國(guo)(guo)能成(cheng)功制造(zao)的(de)新(xin)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種(zhong)類不斷增(zeng)加，例(li)如：成(cheng)品油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)石油(you)(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭(suo)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙蓋(gai)集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外還(huan)有與緝私艇、救生艇、游艇等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇。

我國船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展，將進一步拉動船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場需(xu)求(qiu)。受(shou)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工作環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)上所(suo)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本(ben)都是無鹵、低煙(yan)型(xing)、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上平臺作業(ye)中(zhong)，縱(zong)向水(shui)(shui)(shui)密(mi)封電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍(qi)帶電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得到(dao)大(da)量(liang)(liang)使用(yong)(yong)。我國整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受(shou)國內(nei)外船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展需(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)(liang)也會(hui)大(da)大(da)增加；而(er)軍(jun)用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)航行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)誘(you)餌、水(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)偵(zhen)察(cha)器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)場需(xu)求(qiu)也會(hui)大(da)幅(fu)度增加。除此(ci)之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)維修以及(ji)碼頭等相關設施的(de)(de)(de)建設也會(hui)為(wei)其(qi)他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場需(xu)求(qiu)空間。