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船用電纜

中文(wen)名(ming)

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明(ming)和一般(ban)控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)纜又稱船用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜，是一種用(yong)于河(he)海各(ge)種船舶及海上石(shi)油平(ping)臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和(he)一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用(yong)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河海(hai)各(ge)種船(chuan)舶(bo)及(ji)海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的電力、照明和(he)一般控制之用(yong)。

執行標準(zhun)：船用電力電纜的執行標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜(lan)主(zhu)要參(can)數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒特性、額定電壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主(zhu)要參(can)數。

2分類

從(cong)種類(lei)上分(fen)，船用電(dian)纜可分(fen)為兩類(lei)：民船用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜、軍(jun)艦用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜。

從用(yong)(yong)途上分，船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電纜(lan)可分為三類(lei)：船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)電力電纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)控制電纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)通訊電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)分別是(shi)：

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺(tai)等水上建筑的電(dian)力、照明和一般(ban)控制之用(yong)。

船(chuan)用控(kong)制電纜(lan)：用于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平(ping)臺等水上建筑一般控(kong)制之用。

船(chuan)用通信(xin)電纜：用于各種傳播通信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息(xi)處理設備中的信(xin)號傳輸和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電力系統中各電纜的(de)選擇步驟和(he)原則

1、根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的用途、敷設位置(zhi)和(he)工(gong)作條件(jian)選(xuan)擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)型(xing)號。

2、 根(gen)據(ju)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)的工(gong)作制、電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)種類(lei)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜線芯和負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜截(jie)面(mian)。

3、根據系統短路電流計算(suan)結(jie)果，片斷電纜(lan)的短路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據(ju)環境溫(wen)度對電纜的(de)額定載流量(liang)進(jin)行(xing)修正(zheng)，然后再判斷電纜的(de)允(yun)許電流是(shi)否大于負載電流。

5、 根據成束敷設修正(zheng)系數，對(dui)電(dian)纜的(de)額定載(zai)流(liu)量進行修正(zheng)，然后，再判斷電(dian)纜的(de)允許電(dian)流(liu)是否(fou)大(da)于負載(zai)電(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核線路(lu)電壓(ya)降(jiang)，判(pan)斷線路(lu)電壓(ya)降(jiang)是否小(xiao)于規(gui)定值(zhi)。

7、根據保護(hu)裝置(zhi)的(de)整定(ding)值，判(pan)斷電纜與保護(hu)裝置(zhi)是否(fou)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)；如果不協(xie)(xie)調(diao)，判(pan)斷是否(fou)可以改(gai)變合(he)適的(de)保護(hu)裝置(zhi)或整定(ding)值，否(fou)則應重新選擇(ze)合(he)適的(de)電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型(xing)號的選(xuan)擇應考慮(lv)下(xia)述因素(su)：

1、電纜的用(yong)(yong)途———用(yong)(yong)于動力、照明和無線電通信(xin)等。

2、電纜(lan)敷設(she)位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要求(qiu)屏蔽等。

3、工作(zuo)條(tiao)件(jian)———固定(ding)敷設(she)、穿管數(shu)設(she)和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年(nian)國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)船舶(bo)工業的發(fa)展，預計未來船舶(bo)市場需(xu)求呈現出以大(da)噸位為主，具有高技術含量和(he)高附加(jia)值等(deng)特(te)點。

調查顯(xian)示，世界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加速向(xiang)中(zhong)國轉移(yi)。目前我國長三角(jiao)地(di)區，依靠其黃金水道與(yu)黃金海(hai)岸(an)交匯的(de)地(di)緣優勢，已經(jing)成為世界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉移(yi)的(de)集(ji)聚區。國際市(shi)場受(shou)外(wai)部經(jing)濟環境而影響，與(yu)前幾(ji)年(nian)相比將(jiang)有短時期(qi)的(de)低迷。但是國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業將(jiang)會持(chi)續興旺(wang)，受(shou)到我國海(hai)洋(yang)開發(fa)戰略(lve)實施的(de)影響，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業面臨(lin)巨大(da)發(fa)展空間。我國能成功制造(zao)的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種(zhong)類不斷增加，例如：成品(pin)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無(wu)艙(cang)蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另外(wai)還有與(yu)緝私艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、救生(sheng)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、游艇(ting)(ting)(ting)等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇(ting)(ting)(ting)。

我(wo)國船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)的(de)快速(su)發(fa)展，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)市場需求(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工作(zuo)環境的(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所使(shi)用的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都(dou)是無鹵、低(di)煙型(xing)、耐(nai)鹽堿的(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海(hai)上平(ping)臺(tai)作(zuo)業(ye)中，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將會(hui)得(de)到大(da)量(liang)使(shi)用。我(wo)國整體的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業(ye)受國內外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)的(de)發(fa)展需求(qiu)量(liang)也(ye)會(hui)大(da)大(da)增加；而軍用艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水下(xia)航行(xing)體、魚雷、水下(xia)誘(you)餌(er)、水下(xia)偵察器的(de)專用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光纖(xian)光纜(lan)市場需求(qiu)也(ye)會(hui)大(da)幅度增加。除此之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)維修以(yi)及(ji)碼頭等相關設施(shi)的(de)建設也(ye)會(hui)為其他常用類電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很大(da)的(de)市場需求(qiu)空間(jian)。