国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

電力電纜

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是用于傳(chuan)輸和(he)分(fen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)常用于城市地下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站引出線路(lu)、工礦企業內部(bu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)過(guo)江海(hai)水下輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力線路(lu)中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)所(suo)占比重正逐漸增加(jia)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統的(de)主干線路(lu)中(zhong)用以傳(chuan)輸和(he)分(fen)配大功(gong)率電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)產(chan)品，包括1-500KV以及(ji)以上各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)級，各種絕緣的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

中文名

電力電纜

基本簡介

電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的使用至今已有百(bai)年

主(zhu)要分類(lei)

分(fen)類：按電(dian)壓等級(ji)分(fen)

簡介：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)使用至(zhi)今(jin)已有(you)百余年(nian)(nian)(nian)歷(li)史。1879年(nian)(nian)(nian)，美國(guo)發(fa)明家T.A.愛迪生在(zai)銅棒上包繞黃麻(ma)并將其穿入鐵管內，然后(hou)填充瀝(li)青(qing)混(hun)合物制成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。他將此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)敷(fu)(fu)設(she)于(yu)紐約，開(kai)創了(le)地下輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，英(ying)國(guo)人卡倫(lun)德(de)發(fa)明瀝(li)青(qing)浸漬(zi)紙絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。1889年(nian)(nian)(nian)，英(ying)國(guo)人S.Z.費蘭梯在(zai)倫(lun)敦與德(de)特福德(de)之間(jian)敷(fu)(fu)設(she)了(le)10千(qian)(qian)伏油浸紙絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。1908年(nian)(nian)(nian)，英(ying)國(guo)建成(cheng)20千(qian)(qian)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)網。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)得到越(yue)來越(yue)廣的(de)應(ying)用。1911年(nian)(nian)(nian)，德(de)國(guo)敷(fu)(fu)設(she)成(cheng)60千(qian)(qian)伏高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)，開(kai)始了(le)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。1913年(nian)(nian)(nian)，德(de)國(guo)人M.霍希施泰(tai)特研制成(cheng)分(fen)相屏蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan),改(gai)善了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)內部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場分(fen)布,消除了(le)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)表(biao)面的(de)正(zheng)切應(ying)力(li)(li)，成(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)發(fa)展(zhan)中的(de)里程碑。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)，瑞典在(zai)北部(bu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠敷(fu)(fu)設(she)了(le)380千(qian)(qian)伏超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan),實現了(le)超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)應(ying)用。到80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代已制成(cheng)1100千(qian)(qian)伏、1200千(qian)(qian)伏的(de)特高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。

分類：按電壓等級分

按電壓(ya)(ya)等級可分為(wei)(wei)中、低(di)壓(ya)(ya)電力電纜（35千伏及(ji)以(yi)下）、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電纜(110千伏以(yi)上(shang)(shang))、超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電纜（275～800千伏）以(yi)及(ji)特高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電纜（1000千伏及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)）。此(ci)外，還可按電流制分為(wei)(wei)交流電纜和直流電纜。

按絕緣材料(liao)分

1、油(you)浸(jin)紙(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)以(yi)(yi)油(you)浸(jin)紙(zhi)(zhi)作絕(jue)緣(yuan)的電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)。其應(ying)用(yong)歷(li)史最(zui)長(chang)。它安全可靠，使用(yong)壽命長(chang)，價(jia)格(ge)低(di)廉。主(zhu)要缺點是敷設受(shou)落差限(xian)制(zhi)。自從(cong)開發出不(bu)滴流浸(jin)紙(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)后，解決了落差限(xian)制(zhi)問(wen)題，使油(you)浸(jin)紙(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)纜(lan)得以(yi)(yi)繼續廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)。

2、塑料(liao)(liao)絕緣電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan) 　絕緣層為擠壓(ya)塑料(liao)(liao)的電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。常用(yong)的塑料(liao)(liao)有(you)聚氯乙烯(xi)、聚乙烯(xi)、交聯聚乙烯(xi)。塑料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)結構(gou)簡單(dan),制(zhi)造加(jia)工方(fang)便(bian)，重量輕，敷(fu)設(she)安裝方(fang)便(bian),不受敷(fu)設(she)落差限(xian)制(zhi)。因此廣泛應用(yong)作(zuo)中低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，并有(you)取代粘(zhan)性浸漬油(you)紙電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的趨(qu)勢。其最(zui)大缺點是(shi)存在(zai)樹(shu)枝化擊穿(chuan)現象(xiang)，這限(xian)制(zhi)了它在(zai)更高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的使用(yong)。

3、橡(xiang)皮絕(jue)緣電力電纜　絕(jue)緣層為橡(xiang)膠加上各(ge)種配合劑，經過充分混煉后(hou)擠(ji)包(bao)在導(dao)電線(xian)芯上，經過加溫硫化而(er)成。它柔軟，富有(you)彈(dan)性，適合于移(yi)動頻繁、敷(fu)設彎曲半(ban)徑小(xiao)的(de)場合。

常用(yong)作絕(jue)緣的膠(jiao)(jiao)料有天然膠(jiao)(jiao)-丁(ding)苯膠(jiao)(jiao)混合物(wu)，乙(yi)丙膠(jiao)(jiao)、丁(ding)基(ji)膠(jiao)(jiao)等。

按電壓等(deng)級分

1、低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜：適用于固(gu)定敷設(she)在交(jiao)流50Hz，額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)3kv及以下的輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路上作輸送電(dian)(dian)(dian)能用。

2、中低壓電纜(lan)：（一般指35KV及以(yi)下）：聚(ju)氯乙烯絕(jue)緣電纜(lan)，聚(ju)乙烯絕(jue)緣電纜(lan)，交聯聚(ju)乙烯絕(jue)緣電纜(lan)等。

3、高壓電(dian)(dian)纜：（一(yi)般(ban)為110KV及(ji)以上）：聚(ju)乙烯電(dian)(dian)纜和交(jiao)聯聚(ju)乙烯絕緣電(dian)(dian)纜等。

4、超高(gao)壓電(dian)纜：（275～800千(qian)伏(fu)）。

5、特高壓電(dian)纜(lan)：（1000千伏及以上）。

基(ji)本(ben)結構：電(dian)力電(dian)纜的基(ji)本(ben)結構由線芯（導體）、絕緣層(ceng)、屏蔽層(ceng)和保護層(ceng)四部分組成。

1.線芯是(shi)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)導電(dian)(dian)部分，用來輸送電(dian)(dian)能，是(shi)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)主要(yao)部分。

2.絕(jue)緣層是將線芯與大(da)地以(yi)及不(bu)同相的線芯間(jian)在(zai)電(dian)氣(qi)上彼此隔離，保(bao)證電(dian)能輸送，是電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)結構中(zhong)不(bu)可缺少的組成部分(fen)。

3.15KV及(ji)以上的(de)電(dian)力電(dian)纜一般都有導(dao)體屏(ping)蔽(bi)層和(he)絕緣屏(ping)蔽(bi)層。

4.保護層(ceng)的作用(yong)是保護電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)免受外界雜質和水分(fen)的侵入(ru)，以(yi)及防(fang)止外力(li)直(zhi)接(jie)損(sun)壞電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)。

主要優(you)點(dian)：

1占地少(shao)。一般埋設于土壤中或(huo)敷設于室內(nei)，溝道(dao)，隧道(dao)中，線間(jian)絕緣距離小，不(bu)用桿塔，占地少(shao)，基本(ben)不(bu)占地面上空間(jian)。

2可(ke)靠性(xing)高。受氣候(hou)條件(jian)和周(zhou)圍(wei)環境影(ying)響小(xiao)，傳(chuan)輸性(xing)能(neng)穩(wen)定，可(ke)靠性(xing)高。

3具有向超高(gao)壓(ya)，大容量發展的(de)更為有利的(de)條件，如低(di)溫(wen)，超導電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)等。

4分布電容較大。

5維護工作量少。

6電擊可能性小。

型(xing)號說(shuo)明(ming)

電力(li)電纜(lan)的型號

1.用(yong)漢語(yu)拼音第一個字(zi)母(mu)的(de)大寫(xie)表(biao)示絕緣種(zhong)類、導體材料、內護層材料和結構(gou)特點。如用(yong)Z代表(biao)紙(zhi)（zhi）；L代表(biao)鋁（lv）；Q代表(biao)鉛（qian）；F代表(biao)分相(xiang)（fen）；ZR代表(biao)阻(zu)燃（zuran）；NH代表(biao)耐火（naihuo）。

2.用數字(zi)表(biao)示(shi)外(wai)護(hu)層構成，有(you)二位數字(zi)。無(wu)數字(zi)代表(biao)無(wu)鎧(kai)裝層，無(wu)外(wai)被層。第一位數字(zi)表(biao)示(shi)鎧(kai)裝，第二位數字(zi)表(biao)示(shi)外(wai)被，如粗鋼絲鎧(kai)裝纖(xian)維(wei)外(wai)被表(biao)示(shi)為(wei)41。

3.電纜型號按電纜結構的排列一(yi)般依次序為(wei)：絕(jue)緣材(cai)料；導體材(cai)料；內護(hu)層(ceng)；外護(hu)層(ceng)。

4.電纜產品(pin)用型(xing)(xing)號、額定電壓(ya)和規格表示(shi)。其方法是在型(xing)(xing)號后再加上說明額定電壓(ya)、芯數(shu)和標稱截面積(ji)的。

型號(hao)詳(xiang)細說明(ming)

（1）類別(bie)：H——市內(nei)通信電纜HP——配線(xian)電纜HJ——局用電纜

（2）絕緣(yuan)：Y——聚(ju)(ju)乙烯絕緣(yuan)YF——泡(pao)(pao)沫聚(ju)(ju)烯烴絕緣(yuan)YP——泡(pao)(pao)沫/實心皮聚(ju)(ju)烯烴絕緣(yuan)

（3）內護層：A——涂塑鋁(lv)帶(dai)粘接屏(ping)蔽聚(ju)(ju)乙(yi)烯護套(tao)S——鋁(lv)，鋼雙層金屬帶(dai)屏(ping)蔽聚(ju)(ju)乙(yi)烯護套(tao)      V——聚(ju)(ju)氯乙(yi)烯護套(tao)

（4）特征：T——石油膏填充G——高頻隔(ge)離(li)C——自承式

（5）外護層(ceng)：23——雙層(ceng)防腐鋼(gang)帶(dai)繞包銷裝聚乙(yi)烯(xi)外被層(ceng)

33——單層(ceng)細鋼絲鎧裝聚乙烯被層(ceng)

43——單(dan)層(ceng)粗鋼絲(si)鎧裝聚乙(yi)烯被層(ceng)

53——單(dan)層鋼帶(dai)皺(zhou)紋縱包鎧裝聚乙烯外被層

553——雙層鋼帶(dai)皺紋(wen)縱包鎧(kai)裝聚(ju)乙烯外被(bei)層

2） BV 銅芯聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕緣(yuan)電線(xian)；BLV 鋁芯聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕緣(yuan)電線(xian)；

BVV 銅芯聚氯乙(yi)烯(xi)(xi)絕(jue)緣聚氯乙(yi)烯(xi)(xi)護套電線(xian)；BLVV 鋁芯聚氯乙(yi)烯(xi)(xi)絕(jue)緣聚氯乙(yi)烯(xi)(xi)護套電線(xian)；

BVR 銅(tong)芯聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕(jue)緣軟線；RV 銅(tong)芯聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕(jue)緣安裝軟線；

RVB 銅芯(xin)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)平(ping)型連(lian)接線軟(ruan)線；BVS 銅芯(xin)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)絞型軟(ruan)線；

RVV 銅芯聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)護套軟線(xian)；BYR 聚(ju)乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)軟電線(xian)；

BYVR 聚(ju)乙(yi)烯絕緣聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯護套軟線；RY 聚(ju)乙(yi)烯絕緣軟線；

RYV 聚(ju)乙(yi)烯絕緣聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯護套軟線(xian)

3）WD：無鹵(lu)低(di)煙(yan)型(xing)(xing)ZR: 阻燃型(xing)(xing)NH：耐火型(xing)(xing)DH：防火型(xing)(xing)