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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建筑(zhu)的電力照明和一般控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)又稱(cheng)船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，是一(yi)(yi)種用于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等(deng)水上建筑(zhu)的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和一(yi)(yi)般控制之用的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

主要(yao)用途：應用于(yu)用于(yu)河(he)海各種(zhong)船舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和(he)一般控制之(zhi)用。

執行(xing)標(biao)(biao)準：船用電力電纜的(de)執行(xing)標(biao)(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電力電纜主要(yao)參(can)數(shu)(shu)有型號規格、芯數(shu)(shu)、燃燒特性、額定電壓、溫(wen)度、標稱截面(mian)積等(deng)主要(yao)參(can)數(shu)(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)可分(fen)為(wei)兩類：民(min)船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、軍艦用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。

從(cong)用(yong)途(tu)上分(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)控制電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)通訊電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。其作用(yong)分(fen)別是：

船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用(yong)(yong)(yong)于河海各(ge)種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力、照明(ming)和一般控制之用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

船用(yong)控制(zhi)電纜：用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺(tai)等水上建(jian)筑(zhu)一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用通(tong)信(xin)電(dian)纜：用于各(ge)種傳播通(tong)信(xin)、電(dian)子計算機、信(xin)息(xi)處理設備中(zhong)的(de)信(xin)號傳輸和控制(zhi)系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電(dian)力系(xi)統中各電(dian)纜的選擇步驟和原則

1、根據電纜的(de)用途、敷設位置(zhi)和工作條件選擇(ze)合(he)適的(de)電纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜(lan)線芯和負載電(dian)流(liu)選擇合適的電(dian)纜(lan)截面。

3、根據系統(tong)短(duan)(duan)路電(dian)流(liu)計算(suan)結(jie)果，片斷(duan)電(dian)纜的短(duan)(duan)路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據(ju)環(huan)境溫度對電(dian)纜的額定載流(liu)(liu)量進行修正，然后再判斷電(dian)纜的允(yun)許電(dian)流(liu)(liu)是否大于負載電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷設修正(zheng)系數，對電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載(zai)流量進行(xing)修正(zheng)，然(ran)后，再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的允(yun)許電(dian)流是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)流。

6、校(xiao)核線路電(dian)(dian)壓降，判斷(duan)線路電(dian)(dian)壓降是否(fou)小于規定值。

7、根(gen)據保護裝置(zhi)的整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，判(pan)斷(duan)電纜與(yu)保護裝置(zhi)是(shi)否(fou)協調(diao)；如果(guo)不(bu)協調(diao)，判(pan)斷(duan)是(shi)否(fou)可(ke)以改變(bian)合適的保護裝置(zhi)或(huo)整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，否(fou)則應重(zhong)新選擇合適的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應考慮下述因素(su)：

1、電纜(lan)的用途———用于動力、照明和無(wu)線電通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥、潮(chao)濕、低溫(wen)和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件(jian)———固定敷設、穿管數設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾(ji)年國內外船舶工業(ye)的(de)發展，預計未來(lai)船舶市場需求(qiu)呈現出以大噸位為主，具有高(gao)技(ji)術含量和高(gao)附加值等特點。

調(diao)查顯(xian)示(shi)，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速向中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。目前我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)長三(san)角地區(qu)，依靠(kao)其(qi)黃金(jin)水道(dao)與黃金(jin)海岸交(jiao)匯(hui)的(de)地緣優(you)勢，已(yi)經(jing)成(cheng)為世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)集聚區(qu)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際市(shi)場受外(wai)部經(jing)濟環境而(er)影響，與前幾年相比將(jiang)有(you)短時期(qi)的(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業將(jiang)會(hui)持續興旺(wang)，受到我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海洋(yang)開(kai)發戰略(lve)實施的(de)影響，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業面臨(lin)巨大(da)發展空間。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能成(cheng)功制造(zao)的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類(lei)不斷增加，例(li)如：成(cheng)品(pin)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口多用途(tu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲(chu)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等(deng)；另(ling)外(wai)還(huan)有(you)與緝私艇(ting)、救(jiu)生艇(ting)、游(you)艇(ting)等(deng)小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦(jian)艇(ting)。

我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)快速發(fa)展(zhan)，將進一步(bu)拉動船(chuan)用(yong)電纜的(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)需求(qiu)。受船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)作(zuo)環(huan)境的(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)上所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)電纜基本都是無鹵(lu)、低煙(yan)型、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)(de)特(te)種電纜。在(zai)海上平臺作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中，縱向(xiang)水(shui)(shui)密封電纜、臍帶(dai)電纜將會(hui)得到大量(liang)使(shi)用(yong)。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電纜行業(ye)(ye)(ye)受國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)需求(qiu)量(liang)也會(hui)大大增加；而軍用(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)下(xia)航行體、魚雷、水(shui)(shui)下(xia)誘(you)餌、水(shui)(shui)下(xia)偵察器的(de)(de)專用(yong)電線(xian)電纜和光纖光纜市場(chang)(chang)需求(qiu)也會(hui)大幅(fu)度增加。除(chu)此之(zhi)外，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)維修以及(ji)碼頭等相(xiang)關設施的(de)(de)建設也會(hui)為其他常用(yong)類電線(xian)電纜提供很大的(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)需求(qiu)空(kong)間。