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船用電纜

中文(wen)名

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建筑的電力(li)照明和一(yi)般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)又(you)稱船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，是一(yi)種用(yong)于(yu)河(he)海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的(de)電(dian)力、照明和(he)一(yi)般控(kong)制之(zhi)用(yong)的(de)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于(yu)用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用(yong)。

執行標準：船用電力電纜的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力(li)電纜(lan)主要參(can)(can)數有型號(hao)規格、芯(xin)數、燃燒特性、額定電壓、溫度、標稱截面(mian)積等主要參(can)(can)數。

2分類

從種類上分，船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜可分為兩類：民船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜、軍艦(jian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜。

從(cong)用途上分(fen)，船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜可分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)用電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)纜、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用通(tong)訊電(dian)(dian)纜。其(qi)作用分(fen)別是：

船用(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石油平(ping)臺(tai)等水上建(jian)筑的電力、照明和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用(yong)控(kong)制(zhi)電纜：用(yong)于河(he)海各(ge)種船舶(bo)及海上石(shi)油平(ping)臺等(deng)水(shui)上建筑一般控(kong)制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用(yong)通信電(dian)纜(lan)：用(yong)于各種傳播通信、電(dian)子計(ji)算機、信息(xi)處(chu)理(li)設備中的信號傳輸和(he)控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中(zhong)各電纜的選擇步(bu)驟和原則

1、根據電纜(lan)的(de)用途、敷設位置和工作條件選擇合(he)適的(de)電纜(lan)型(xing)號。

2、 根據用(yong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)的工作制、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)種類、電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)線(xian)芯和負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)截面(mian)。

3、根據系(xi)統短路電(dian)流計算結(jie)果(guo)，片斷電(dian)纜的短路容(rong)量是否滿足要(yao)求(qiu)。

4、 根據環境溫度對電纜的(de)額定載流量進行修(xiu)正，然后再判斷電纜的(de)允許電流是否大于負載電流。

5、 根(gen)據成(cheng)束敷設修正系(xi)數，對電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的額定(ding)載流量進行修正，然后，再判(pan)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)流是否大于負載電(dian)(dian)流。

6、校(xiao)核線路電壓降，判斷線路電壓降是否小(xiao)于規定值。

7、根據(ju)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)整定(ding)值(zhi)，判(pan)斷電纜與保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置是否協(xie)調；如果不協(xie)調，判(pan)斷是否可以改變合(he)適(shi)的(de)(de)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置或整定(ding)值(zhi)，否則應重(zhong)新(xin)選擇合(he)適(shi)的(de)(de)電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用(yong)電纜型號的選擇(ze)應(ying)考慮下述因素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途———用于動力(li)、照明和無線電(dian)通(tong)信(xin)等。

2、電纜敷(fu)設位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫(wen)和(he)是否要求屏蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條(tiao)件———固定敷(fu)設(she)、穿管數設(she)和(he)可移動等(deng)。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據幾(ji)年國內外船舶(bo)工業的發展，預計未來船舶(bo)市(shi)場(chang)需求呈現(xian)出以大噸位為主，具有高(gao)技(ji)術含(han)量(liang)和高(gao)附加(jia)值等特(te)點。

調查(cha)顯示(shi)，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)(zhong)心正在加速(su)向中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)轉移。目(mu)前我(wo)國(guo)長三角地(di)區，依靠(kao)其黃(huang)金水(shui)道與黃(huang)金海(hai)岸(an)交匯的(de)地(di)緣優勢，已經成(cheng)(cheng)為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資(zi)轉移的(de)集聚區。國(guo)際(ji)市場受外部經濟環境而影(ying)響(xiang)，與前幾年相比將有短時期的(de)低(di)迷。但是(shi)國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業將會(hui)持續興旺(wang)，受到我(wo)國(guo)海(hai)洋開發(fa)戰略實施的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業面臨巨大(da)(da)發(fa)展(zhan)空間。我(wo)國(guo)能(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)功制(zhi)造的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增加，例(li)如(ru)：成(cheng)(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)艙(cang)口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速(su)無艙(cang)蓋(gai)集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速(su)水(shui)翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外還有與緝私艇、救生艇、游(you)艇等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇。

我(wo)國船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)快速發(fa)展，將進一步(bu)拉(la)動船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)。受(shou)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)作環境(jing)的(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)上(shang)所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都(dou)是(shi)無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上(shang)平臺(tai)作業(ye)中，縱向水(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得到大量使(shi)用(yong)。我(wo)國整體(ti)的(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受(shou)國內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展需求(qiu)量也會(hui)大大增加；而軍用(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)航行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)誘餌、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)偵察器(qi)的(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)也會(hui)大幅度增加。除此之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)維修以及碼頭(tou)等相關設施的(de)(de)建設也會(hui)為(wei)其他(ta)常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提(ti)供(gong)很大的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)空間。