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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水(shui)上建(jian)筑的電力(li)照明(ming)和(he)一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用電(dian)纜(lan)又(you)稱船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)，是一種用于河(he)海各種船舶及海上石油平臺等水上建(jian)筑的(de)(de)電(dian)力、照明和(he)一般控制之(zhi)用的(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)。

主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)(yong)途：應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于用(yong)(yong)(yong)于河海(hai)各種(zhong)船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的(de)電力、照(zhao)明和(he)一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

執(zhi)行標準：船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜的執(zhi)行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主(zhu)要參數有型號(hao)規格、芯數、燃(ran)燒特性(xing)、額定電壓、溫度、標稱截面(mian)積等主(zhu)要參數。

2分類

從(cong)種類(lei)上分，船用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為兩(liang)類(lei)：民船用(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途(tu)上分，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜可(ke)分為三類(lei)：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)控(kong)制電(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)通訊電(dian)纜。其作(zuo)用(yong)分別是：

船(chuan)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用于河海各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等(deng)水上建筑(zhu)的電(dian)力、照明和(he)一(yi)般控制(zhi)之用。

船用(yong)控(kong)制電纜(lan)：用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油(you)平(ping)臺等水上(shang)建筑一般控(kong)制之用(yong)。

船用通信(xin)電纜：用于各種傳播通信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息(xi)處理設(she)備(bei)中的信(xin)號傳輸和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各(ge)電纜的(de)選擇步驟和原(yuan)則

1、根據電(dian)纜的用途(tu)、敷設位置和(he)工作條件選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)纜型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的(de)工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜(lan)線芯(xin)和負載電(dian)流選擇合適的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)截面。

3、根據系(xi)統短(duan)路(lu)電(dian)流計算結果，片斷電(dian)纜的短(duan)路(lu)容量(liang)是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對(dui)電(dian)纜的額定(ding)載流(liu)量進行修正(zheng)，然(ran)后再(zai)判斷電(dian)纜的允(yun)許(xu)電(dian)流(liu)是否大于(yu)負載電(dian)流(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷設修正系數(shu)，對電(dian)纜的(de)額定載(zai)流量進(jin)行修正，然后，再判斷(duan)電(dian)纜的(de)允許電(dian)流是否(fou)大(da)于(yu)負載(zai)電(dian)流。

6、校核線(xian)路(lu)電(dian)壓降(jiang)，判斷(duan)線(xian)路(lu)電(dian)壓降(jiang)是否小于規定值。

7、根據保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置的整(zheng)定值，判斷電纜與保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置是否(fou)協調；如(ru)果不協調，判斷是否(fou)可以改變合適(shi)的保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置或整(zheng)定值，否(fou)則應重新(xin)選擇(ze)合適(shi)的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用(yong)電纜型號的選擇應考慮下述因素(su)：

1、電纜(lan)的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動(dong)力、照明(ming)和無線電通信(xin)等(deng)。

2、電纜敷設位置(zhi)———干燥、潮濕、低溫(wen)和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定(ding)敷設、穿管數(shu)設和可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年(nian)國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶工業的發(fa)展，預(yu)計未來船(chuan)舶市(shi)場需求呈現出以大(da)噸位(wei)為主(zhu)，具有高技(ji)術含量和高附加值等特點。

調查顯示(shi)，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心(xin)正在加(jia)速(su)向中(zhong)國轉移。目前我國長三角地區，依靠其(qi)黃金(jin)(jin)水道與(yu)黃金(jin)(jin)海岸交匯的(de)地緣優勢(shi)，已經成為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投(tou)資轉移的(de)集(ji)(ji)(ji)聚區。國際(ji)市場受(shou)外部經濟環境而影響(xiang)，與(yu)前幾年相比將(jiang)有短時期的(de)低迷。但(dan)是(shi)國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業將(jiang)會持(chi)續興旺(wang)，受(shou)到我國海洋開(kai)發戰略實施的(de)影響(xiang)，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業面臨(lin)巨(ju)大(da)發展空間。我國能成功制造的(de)新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類不斷增加(jia)，例如：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型集(ji)(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型冷(leng)藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙蓋(gai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等(deng)；另(ling)外還有與(yu)緝私(si)艇(ting)、救生(sheng)艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)快速發展，將進一(yi)步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)市場需(xu)求。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)作(zuo)環境(jing)的(de)影響(xiang)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)上所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜基本(ben)都是無鹵(lu)、低(di)煙型、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。在海上平臺作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)中，縱向(xiang)水(shui)密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜將會(hui)(hui)得到(dao)大(da)量使用(yong)(yong)。我國整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜行(xing)業(ye)(ye)受(shou)國內外船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)發展需(xu)求量也(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)大(da)增(zeng)(zeng)加；而軍(jun)用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)航行(xing)體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)誘餌、水(shui)下(xia)偵察器(qi)的(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜和(he)光纖光纜市場需(xu)求也(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)幅度增(zeng)(zeng)加。除此之(zhi)外，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)維修以(yi)及碼(ma)頭等相關設(she)施的(de)建設(she)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)為其(qi)他常(chang)用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜提供很大(da)的(de)市場需(xu)求空間。