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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水(shui)上建(jian)筑的電力照明和(he)一般(ban)控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)(yong)電纜(lan)又稱船用(yong)(yong)電力電纜(lan)，是(shi)一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)于河海(hai)各(ge)種(zhong)船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑的電力、照(zhao)明(ming)和一般(ban)控(kong)制之用(yong)(yong)的電線電纜(lan)。

主要用途：應用于用于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)(shang)建(jian)筑的電力、照明和(he)一般(ban)控(kong)制之用。

執行標準：船用電力電纜(lan)的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜主要參數(shu)(shu)有型(xing)號規格(ge)、芯數(shu)(shu)、燃燒(shao)特性(xing)、額(e)定電(dian)(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參數(shu)(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分，船(chuan)用(yong)電纜可分為兩類：民船(chuan)用(yong)電線電纜、軍艦用(yong)電線電纜。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)上分，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為三類：船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)控制電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)纜(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分別是(shi)：

船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)：用于河海各(ge)種船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和一(yi)般控制之用。

船用(yong)控制電纜：用(yong)于河海各(ge)種船舶及(ji)海上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船用通信電(dian)纜：用于各(ge)種(zhong)傳播通信、電(dian)子計算機、信息處理設備中的信號傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電力系統中各電纜的(de)選擇步驟和原(yuan)則

1、根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)纜的用(yong)途、敷設(she)位置和(he)工作條件選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜型號。

2、 根(gen)據(ju)用電設備的(de)工作制、電源種(zhong)類、電纜線芯和負載電流選擇合適的(de)電纜截面(mian)。

3、根據系統短路電流計算結果，片斷電纜的(de)短路容量是否(fou)滿足要求。

4、 根據環境(jing)溫度(du)對(dui)電纜(lan)的額定(ding)載流量進行(xing)修正(zheng)，然后再判(pan)斷電纜(lan)的允許電流是(shi)否大于負載電流。

5、 根據成束(shu)敷設修正系數，對電纜(lan)的(de)額定載流量進行修正，然后(hou)，再判(pan)斷電纜(lan)的(de)允許電流是(shi)否大(da)于(yu)負載電流。

6、校核(he)線路電壓降，判斷(duan)線路電壓降是否小于規定值。

7、根據(ju)保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整(zheng)定值(zhi)，判(pan)斷電纜與保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)協調(diao)；如(ru)果不協調(diao)，判(pan)斷是(shi)否(fou)(fou)可以改變合適的保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或整(zheng)定值(zhi)，否(fou)(fou)則應重新選(xuan)擇合適的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型(xing)號的選(xuan)擇應考慮下述因素(su)：

1、電(dian)纜的(de)用途(tu)———用于動(dong)力、照明和無(wu)線(xian)電(dian)通信等(deng)。

2、電纜敷設位(wei)置———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫和是否(fou)要求屏蔽等(deng)。

3、工作(zuo)條件(jian)———固定敷設、穿(chuan)管數設和(he)可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外船舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的發展，預計未來船舶(bo)市場(chang)需求呈現出以(yi)大噸位為主，具有高技(ji)術含量和(he)高附加值等(deng)特點。

調查顯(xian)示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)(zhong)心正在加速(su)向中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移。目(mu)前(qian)(qian)我國(guo)(guo)長三角地區(qu)，依靠其黃金水(shui)道(dao)與黃金海岸(an)交匯的(de)地緣優勢(shi)，已經成為(wei)世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)轉(zhuan)移的(de)集(ji)(ji)聚區(qu)。國(guo)(guo)際(ji)市場受(shou)外(wai)部經濟環境而影(ying)響，與前(qian)(qian)幾年相比將有短時期的(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我國(guo)(guo)海洋(yang)(yang)開發戰略實施的(de)影(ying)響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)面臨巨大發展空間。我國(guo)(guo)能(neng)成功制造(zao)的(de)新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類(lei)不斷(duan)增(zeng)加，例如：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學(xue)品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)(yang)工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙(cang)口多用途(tu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙(cang)蓋集(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水(shui)翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)(nei)(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等；另外(wai)還有與緝(ji)私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發展，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工作環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本都是無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在海上平臺作業(ye)(ye)中，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得到大(da)量(liang)(liang)使用(yong)。我國(guo)整體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)(ye)受國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)(liang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加；而軍用(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水下航行體(ti)(ti)、魚雷、水下誘餌、水下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖(xian)光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)大(da)幅度增(zeng)加。除此(ci)之(zhi)外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維修以(yi)及碼頭等(deng)相關設施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)為其他常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提供很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)空間(jian)。