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船用電纜

中(zhong)文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑的(de)電力照明和(he)一般控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電纜又稱船用(yong)電力電纜，是一(yi)種(zhong)用(yong)于河(he)海各種(zhong)船舶及(ji)海上石(shi)油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和(he)一(yi)般控制之用(yong)的電線電纜。

主要用途(tu)：應用于(yu)用于(yu)河海各種船舶及(ji)海上石(shi)油平(ping)臺等(deng)水(shui)上建筑的(de)電力、照明和一般控制之用。

執(zhi)行標準：船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜的執(zhi)行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜主(zhu)要(yao)參數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒特(te)性(xing)、額定電(dian)壓、溫(wen)度、標稱截面(mian)積(ji)等主(zhu)要(yao)參數。

2分類

從(cong)種類上分，船(chuan)(chuan)用電纜(lan)可分為兩類：民船(chuan)(chuan)用電線(xian)電纜(lan)、軍艦用電線(xian)電纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途上分，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)(lan)可(ke)分為(wei)三類：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)電力電纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)控制電纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)通訊(xun)電纜(lan)(lan)。其作用(yong)分別是：

船用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船舶(bo)及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建(jian)筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一般控(kong)制之用(yong)。

船用(yong)控(kong)制電纜：用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上石油平臺(tai)等水上建筑(zhu)一(yi)般控(kong)制之用(yong)。

船用通(tong)信(xin)(xin)電纜(lan)：用于各種(zhong)傳播通(tong)信(xin)(xin)、電子(zi)計算機、信(xin)(xin)息處理設(she)備(bei)中的信(xin)(xin)號傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電力系(xi)統中各(ge)電纜(lan)的選擇(ze)步驟和原(yuan)則

1、根據(ju)電纜的用途、敷設位置和(he)工作條件選(xuan)擇合(he)適的電纜型號。

2、 根據用電設備的(de)工作制、電源種(zhong)類、電纜線芯和負(fu)載電流選擇合適的(de)電纜截面。

3、根(gen)據(ju)系統短路電流計算結果，片(pian)斷電纜的短路容量是否滿(man)足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對電(dian)纜的(de)額定載(zai)流量進行修正，然后再判(pan)斷電(dian)纜的(de)允許電(dian)流是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)流。

5、 根據成束(shu)敷(fu)設修正(zheng)系數，對電(dian)纜的額(e)定載流量進行修正(zheng)，然后(hou)，再(zai)判(pan)斷電(dian)纜的允許電(dian)流是否大于負載電(dian)流。

6、校核線路(lu)電(dian)壓降，判斷線路(lu)電(dian)壓降是否小于規定(ding)值(zhi)。

7、根據保護裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)整(zheng)定值(zhi)，判(pan)斷電(dian)纜與保護裝置(zhi)是否協調；如(ru)果不協調，判(pan)斷是否可以改(gai)變合適的(de)(de)保護裝置(zhi)或整(zheng)定值(zhi)，否則(ze)應重新(xin)選(xuan)擇(ze)合適的(de)(de)電(dian)纜載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜(lan)型號的(de)選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電(dian)纜(lan)的用途(tu)———用于動(dong)力、照(zhao)明和無(wu)線電(dian)通信等(deng)。

2、電纜敷設(she)位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作(zuo)條件———固定敷設(she)、穿管數設(she)和可移動(dong)等。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據(ju)幾(ji)年國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶工業(ye)的發展，預(yu)計未(wei)來(lai)船(chuan)舶市場需(xu)求呈現出以大噸位為主，具(ju)有高(gao)技(ji)術(shu)含量和高(gao)附加值等特點。

調查(cha)顯示，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速向中國(guo)(guo)轉移(yi)。目前我(wo)國(guo)(guo)長(chang)三角地區，依靠其黃金水道與(yu)黃金海(hai)(hai)岸交匯的地緣(yuan)優勢，已經(jing)成(cheng)為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)(ye)投(tou)資轉移(yi)的集(ji)聚(ju)區。國(guo)(guo)際市場受外(wai)部經(jing)濟環境而影(ying)響，與(yu)前幾年(nian)相(xiang)比將(jiang)有(you)(you)短時期的低(di)迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)(ye)將(jiang)會持續興旺，受到我(wo)國(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)洋開(kai)發戰略(lve)實施(shi)的影(ying)響，國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)(ye)面臨巨(ju)大(da)發展空間(jian)。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)能(neng)成(cheng)功制造的新(xin)型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類不(bu)斷增加，例如：成(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口(kou)多用途(tu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙(cang)蓋(gai)集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另外(wai)還有(you)(you)與(yu)緝私(si)艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇(ting)。

我(wo)國(guo)(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快速發展(zhan)，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市場需(xu)求。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)作環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)上(shang)所使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都是(shi)無鹵(lu)、低煙型、耐鹽堿(jian)的(de)(de)(de)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上(shang)平臺(tai)作業(ye)中，縱向水(shui)(shui)密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍(qi)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將會(hui)(hui)得到大(da)(da)量使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)受國(guo)(guo)內外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)需(xu)求量也會(hui)(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增(zeng)加；而軍用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)下航行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)(shui)下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)市場需(xu)求也會(hui)(hui)大(da)(da)幅度增(zeng)加。除此之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)維修以(yi)及碼頭等相關(guan)設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)也會(hui)(hui)為其他常(chang)用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)市場需(xu)求空(kong)間(jian)。