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船用電纜

中(zhong)文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照(zhao)明和一般(ban)控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)又稱(cheng)船(chuan)用電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)，是一(yi)種用于河海各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油(you)平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一(yi)般控制之用的電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。

主(zhu)要用(yong)途(tu)：應(ying)用(yong)于用(yong)于河(he)海各種船舶及(ji)海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

執(zhi)行標準：船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)的執(zhi)行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)主要參(can)數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度(du)、標(biao)稱截面積(ji)等主要參(can)數。

2分類

從種類(lei)上分(fen)(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)可分(fen)(fen)為兩類(lei)：民船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電線電纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電線電纜(lan)。

從用途上分，船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可分為三類：船(chuan)/艦用電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用通訊電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。其作用分別是(shi)：

船用電力(li)電纜：用于(yu)河(he)海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水(shui)上建筑的電力(li)、照明和(he)一般控制之(zhi)用。

船用控制(zhi)電(dian)纜：用于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油平(ping)臺等水上(shang)建(jian)筑(zhu)一般控制(zhi)之用。

船用(yong)通信(xin)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于(yu)各種(zhong)傳播通信(xin)、電(dian)子計算機、信(xin)息(xi)處理(li)設備中的信(xin)號傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力(li)系統中各電纜的選擇步驟和原則

1、根(gen)據電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)用途、敷設位置和工作條件選擇合(he)適的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)型號(hao)。

2、 根(gen)據用電(dian)設備的(de)(de)工(gong)作制(zhi)、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線(xian)芯和(he)負載(zai)電(dian)流選擇(ze)合適的(de)(de)電(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系統(tong)短路電流計(ji)算結果(guo)，片(pian)斷電纜的短路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根(gen)據環境溫度(du)對電纜(lan)(lan)的額定載流量進行(xing)修正，然后再(zai)判(pan)斷(duan)電纜(lan)(lan)的允許電流是(shi)否大于負(fu)載電流。

5、 根據成束敷設(she)修(xiu)正系(xi)數(shu)，對電(dian)纜的額定載流量進行修(xiu)正，然后(hou)，再判斷電(dian)纜的允許(xu)電(dian)流是否大于(yu)負載電(dian)流。

6、校(xiao)核線路電壓降，判(pan)斷線路電壓降是否小于規定(ding)值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝置(zhi)的整(zheng)定值(zhi)，判斷電(dian)纜與保(bao)護裝置(zhi)是否協調；如果不協調，判斷是否可以改變(bian)合(he)適(shi)的保(bao)護裝置(zhi)或整(zheng)定值(zhi)，否則應重新選擇合(he)適(shi)的電(dian)纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電(dian)纜型號的(de)選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電纜的用途———用于(yu)動力、照(zhao)明(ming)和(he)無線電通信等(deng)。

2、電纜(lan)敷(fu)設位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫(wen)和是否(fou)要求屏(ping)蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定(ding)敷設、穿管數設和可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶工業的發(fa)展，預計未來船(chuan)舶市(shi)場(chang)需求呈現出以大(da)噸位為主，具有高(gao)技術含(han)量和高(gao)附加值等特(te)點。

調查(cha)顯示，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加(jia)速向中國轉移(yi)。目(mu)前我(wo)國長三角地(di)(di)區，依靠其黃金(jin)水道與(yu)黃金(jin)海岸交匯的(de)地(di)(di)緣優勢，已經成(cheng)為(wei)世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資(zi)轉移(yi)的(de)集聚(ju)區。國際市(shi)場受外部經濟環境而影響，與(yu)前幾(ji)年(nian)相比將(jiang)有(you)短時期的(de)低(di)迷。但是(shi)國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業將(jiang)會(hui)持續興旺，受到我(wo)國海洋開(kai)發戰略實(shi)施(shi)的(de)影響，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業面臨巨大發展空間。我(wo)國能(neng)成(cheng)功制造的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增加(jia)，例如：成(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)(gao)速無艙蓋(gai)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)(gao)速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)；另外還有(you)與(yu)緝私艇(ting)(ting)、救生艇(ting)(ting)、游(you)艇(ting)(ting)等(deng)小(xiao)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)。

我國船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業的(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展(zhan)，將進(jin)一(yi)步拉(la)動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)市(shi)(shi)場需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)環境的(de)影(ying)響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜基本都是無鹵(lu)、低煙型(xing)、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜。在海上平臺作(zuo)(zuo)業中，縱(zong)向水密封電(dian)(dian)纜、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜將會(hui)(hui)得到大(da)量使用(yong)(yong)。我國整體的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜行(xing)(xing)業受(shou)國內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)量也(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)；而(er)軍用(yong)(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)、水下(xia)航行(xing)(xing)體、魚雷、水下(xia)誘(you)餌、水下(xia)偵察(cha)器的(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜市(shi)(shi)場需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)幅度增加(jia)。除此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)維修以及碼頭等相關(guan)設施(shi)的(de)建設也(ye)會(hui)(hui)為其他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜提供很大(da)的(de)市(shi)(shi)場需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)空間。