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船用電纜

中文名(ming)

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑的電力照明(ming)和一般(ban)控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)(chuan)用電纜(lan)又稱船(chuan)(chuan)用電力電纜(lan)，是(shi)一(yi)種用于河(he)海各種船(chuan)(chuan)舶及(ji)海上石油(you)平臺等水上建(jian)筑的(de)電力、照明和一(yi)般(ban)控制之用的(de)電線電纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)(yong)途(tu)：應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明(ming)和一般控(kong)制(zhi)之用(yong)(yong)。

執行標(biao)準：船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜的執行標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜主(zhu)要參數有型號(hao)規格、芯數、燃(ran)燒(shao)特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主(zhu)要參數。

2分類

從(cong)種類上分(fen)，船用(yong)電(dian)纜可分(fen)為(wei)兩類：民(min)船用(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜。

從用(yong)途上分(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜可分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)控制電(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)通訊電(dian)纜。其作用(yong)分(fen)別是：

船(chuan)用電力(li)電纜：用于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的(de)電力(li)、照明和一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用。

船用(yong)控(kong)(kong)制電纜(lan)：用(yong)于(yu)河海各(ge)種船舶(bo)及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑一般(ban)控(kong)(kong)制之用(yong)。

船用(yong)通信(xin)電纜：用(yong)于各種(zhong)傳播通信(xin)、電子計算(suan)機、信(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)號傳輸(shu)和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電(dian)力(li)系統中各電(dian)纜的選(xuan)擇步(bu)驟和原則

1、根據電纜(lan)的用途、敷設位置和工作條件選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的電纜(lan)型號。

2、 根(gen)據用電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)的工作制、電(dian)(dian)(dian)源種類(lei)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜線芯和負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系統(tong)短路電(dian)流計算結果，片斷電(dian)纜的短路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度(du)對電(dian)纜的額定(ding)載(zai)流(liu)量(liang)進行修正，然后(hou)再(zai)判斷電(dian)纜的允許電(dian)流(liu)是否(fou)大于負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)流(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷設(she)修正系數，對電(dian)纜的額定(ding)載流量(liang)進行修正，然后，再判(pan)斷(duan)電(dian)纜的允許(xu)電(dian)流是否大于(yu)負載電(dian)流。

6、校核線(xian)(xian)路(lu)電壓降(jiang)，判斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)電壓降(jiang)是否小于規定值。

7、根據保護裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)整定值(zhi)，判(pan)斷電纜(lan)與保護裝置(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)否協調(diao)；如果(guo)不協調(diao)，判(pan)斷是(shi)否可以改變(bian)合適的(de)保護裝置(zhi)(zhi)或整定值(zhi)，否則應重新選擇合適的(de)電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型(xing)號的(de)選(xuan)擇應(ying)考慮(lv)下述因(yin)素：

1、電(dian)纜(lan)的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力、照明(ming)和無線電(dian)通(tong)信等。

2、電纜敷設位置(zhi)———干燥、潮濕、低(di)溫和是否要求屏(ping)蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設、穿管數設和可(ke)移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾(ji)年國內(nei)外船舶工(gong)業(ye)的發(fa)展，預(yu)計未來船舶市場(chang)需求呈現出以大噸位(wei)為主，具(ju)有高(gao)技(ji)術(shu)含量(liang)和高(gao)附加(jia)值等特點。

調查顯示(shi)，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加(jia)速向中國轉(zhuan)移。目(mu)前(qian)我國長三角(jiao)地區，依靠其黃金(jin)水道與黃金(jin)海(hai)岸交匯的地緣優勢，已經(jing)成(cheng)為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉(zhuan)移的集(ji)(ji)聚區。國際(ji)市場受外部(bu)經(jing)濟環境(jing)而(er)影響，與前(qian)幾年(nian)相比(bi)將(jiang)有(you)短(duan)時期的低迷(mi)。但(dan)是國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)將(jiang)會持續(xu)興旺，受到我國海(hai)洋(yang)開發戰略實(shi)施的影響，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)面臨巨(ju)大發展空間。我國能成(cheng)功制造的新型(xing)(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類不(bu)斷(duan)增加(jia)，例如：成(cheng)品(pin)(pin)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋集(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)(xing)(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等(deng)；另外還(huan)有(you)與緝(ji)私(si)艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)小型(xing)(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展，將進一(yi)步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)需求。受船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工作環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶上所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本(ben)都是無鹵、低煙(yan)型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在海(hai)上平臺作業(ye)(ye)(ye)中，縱向(xiang)水密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將會得到大量使(shi)用(yong)。我國整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)受國內(nei)外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展需求量也會大大增加(jia)；而軍用(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水下(xia)航(hang)行體(ti)、魚雷、水下(xia)誘餌、水下(xia)偵察器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和(he)光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市場(chang)需求也會大幅度增加(jia)。除此之(zhi)外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)維修以及(ji)碼頭等相關設施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設也會為其他常用(yong)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提供(gong)很大的(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)需求空間。