国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

電力電纜

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜是用(yong)于傳輸(shu)和分(fen)(fen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜常用(yong)于城市地下(xia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站引出線(xian)(xian)路、工礦企業內部供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)過江海水下(xia)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)線(xian)(xian)路中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜所占比重正(zheng)逐漸增加。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜是在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統的(de)主干線(xian)(xian)路中用(yong)以(yi)傳輸(shu)和分(fen)(fen)配大(da)功(gong)率電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜產(chan)品(pin)，包括1-500KV以(yi)及(ji)以(yi)上各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級，各種絕緣的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。

中文名

電力電纜

基本簡介

電力電纜的(de)使(shi)用(yong)至今已有(you)百年

主要分類(lei)

分(fen)類：按電壓等級分(fen)

簡(jian)介：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)至今已(yi)有百余年(nian)(nian)歷(li)史。1879年(nian)(nian)，美國發(fa)明家T.A.愛迪生(sheng)在銅棒上包(bao)繞黃(huang)麻并將其穿入鐵管內，然后填充瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)混(hun)合物制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。他將此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)敷設(she)(she)于紐約，開(kai)創(chuang)了(le)地(di)下輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。次年(nian)(nian)，英國人(ren)卡(ka)倫德(de)(de)發(fa)明瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)浸(jin)漬紙絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。1889年(nian)(nian)，英國人(ren)S.Z.費蘭梯在倫敦(dun)與德(de)(de)特福德(de)(de)之間敷設(she)(she)了(le)10千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)油浸(jin)紙絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。1908年(nian)(nian)，英國建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)20千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)網(wang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)得到越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)廣的(de)應用(yong)(yong)。1911年(nian)(nian)，德(de)(de)國敷設(she)(she)成(cheng)(cheng)60千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)，開(kai)始(shi)了(le)高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。1913年(nian)(nian)，德(de)(de)國人(ren)M.霍希施(shi)泰特研制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)分相(xiang)屏蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan),改善了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)內部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場分布(bu),消(xiao)除了(le)絕(jue)緣(yuan)表(biao)面的(de)正切應力(li)，成(cheng)(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)發(fa)展(zhan)中的(de)里程碑。1952年(nian)(nian)，瑞典在北部(bu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)敷設(she)(she)了(le)380千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)超(chao)(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan),實現(xian)了(le)超(chao)(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)。到80年(nian)(nian)代已(yi)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)1100千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)、1200千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)的(de)特高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。

分類：按電壓等級分

按(an)電(dian)壓(ya)等級可分(fen)為中、低壓(ya)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)（35千伏(fu)及以(yi)下）、高壓(ya)電(dian)纜(lan)(110千伏(fu)以(yi)上(shang))、超(chao)高壓(ya)電(dian)纜(lan)（275～800千伏(fu)）以(yi)及特高壓(ya)電(dian)纜(lan)（1000千伏(fu)及以(yi)上(shang)）。此外，還可按(an)電(dian)流制分(fen)為交流電(dian)纜(lan)和(he)直流電(dian)纜(lan)。

按(an)絕緣材(cai)料分(fen)

1、油(you)浸(jin)(jin)紙絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜以油(you)浸(jin)(jin)紙作絕緣(yuan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。其應用(yong)歷史最(zui)長(chang)。它安全可靠，使用(yong)壽命(ming)長(chang)，價(jia)格低廉。主要缺點(dian)是(shi)敷設受落差限制。自從開(kai)發(fa)出(chu)不(bu)滴流浸(jin)(jin)紙絕緣(yuan)后，解決了落差限制問(wen)題，使油(you)浸(jin)(jin)紙絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜得以繼續廣泛應用(yong)。

2、塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan) 　絕緣(yuan)層為擠壓(ya)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)有(you)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)(yi)烯、聚(ju)乙(yi)(yi)烯、交聯(lian)聚(ju)乙(yi)(yi)烯。塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)結構(gou)簡單,制(zhi)造加工方便(bian)，重量輕，敷設安(an)裝方便(bian),不受敷設落差限(xian)制(zhi)。因此(ci)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)作中(zhong)低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，并(bing)有(you)取代粘性浸漬油紙電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的趨勢(shi)。其(qi)最大缺點是(shi)存在(zai)樹枝(zhi)化擊穿現(xian)象，這限(xian)制(zhi)了它在(zai)更高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的使用(yong)(yong)。

3、橡皮絕緣(yuan)電力電纜　絕緣(yuan)層為橡膠加(jia)上各種(zhong)配合劑，經(jing)過充分(fen)混煉后(hou)擠包在導電線(xian)芯上，經(jing)過加(jia)溫硫化而(er)成。它柔軟，富有彈(dan)性，適合于移動頻(pin)繁、敷設彎(wan)曲(qu)半徑小的場合。

常用(yong)作絕(jue)緣(yuan)的膠料有(you)天然膠-丁苯膠混(hun)合物，乙丙膠、丁基膠等。

按電壓等級(ji)分

1、低壓(ya)電纜：適用于(yu)固定(ding)敷(fu)設在(zai)交流50Hz，額定(ding)電壓(ya)3kv及以下(xia)的輸配電線路上作輸送(song)電能(neng)用。

2、中低壓電(dian)纜(lan)：（一般指(zhi)35KV及以下）：聚氯乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)纜(lan)，聚乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)纜(lan)，交聯聚乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)纜(lan)等(deng)。

3、高壓(ya)電(dian)纜：（一般為110KV及以(yi)上）：聚乙(yi)烯電(dian)纜和交聯(lian)聚乙(yi)烯絕緣電(dian)纜等。

4、超高(gao)壓電(dian)纜：（275～800千(qian)伏）。

5、特高壓電纜：（1000千(qian)伏及以(yi)上）。

基(ji)本(ben)結構：電力電纜(lan)的基(ji)本(ben)結構由線芯(xin)（導體）、絕緣層(ceng)、屏蔽層(ceng)和(he)保(bao)護層(ceng)四部分組成。

1.線芯是(shi)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜的導電(dian)部(bu)分(fen)，用來(lai)輸送電(dian)能(neng)，是(shi)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜的主要部(bu)分(fen)。

2.絕緣層是將線芯與大地以(yi)及不同(tong)相的(de)線芯間(jian)在電(dian)(dian)氣上(shang)彼此隔(ge)離，保證電(dian)(dian)能輸送(song)，是電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜結(jie)構中不可缺少的(de)組成部分。

3.15KV及(ji)以上(shang)的電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜一般都有導(dao)體(ti)屏(ping)蔽(bi)(bi)層和絕(jue)緣(yuan)屏(ping)蔽(bi)(bi)層。

4.保(bao)護層的(de)作用是(shi)保(bao)護電(dian)力電(dian)纜免受外界雜(za)質(zhi)和水分的(de)侵入，以及防止外力直接損壞電(dian)力電(dian)纜。

主(zhu)要優點：

1占(zhan)地少(shao)。一般埋設(she)(she)于土壤(rang)中或敷設(she)(she)于室內(nei)，溝道(dao)，隧道(dao)中，線間絕緣距離小，不用桿塔，占(zhan)地少(shao)，基(ji)本不占(zhan)地面上(shang)空間。

2可靠性高。受氣候條件(jian)和周(zhou)圍環境影響小(xiao)，傳輸(shu)性能穩定，可靠性高。

3具有向超高壓，大(da)容量發展的更為(wei)有利的條(tiao)件，如低溫，超導電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)等。

4分布電容較大。

5維護工作量少。

6電擊可能性小。

型號說明

電力電纜的(de)型號

1.用漢語拼音(yin)第一個字母的大寫表(biao)(biao)(biao)示絕(jue)緣種類、導(dao)體材料、內護(hu)層材料和(he)結構特點(dian)。如用Z代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)紙（zhi）；L代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)鋁（lv）；Q代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)鉛(qian)（qian）；F代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)分相（fen）；ZR代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)阻燃（zuran）；NH代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)耐(nai)火（naihuo）。

2.用數(shu)(shu)(shu)字表(biao)示外(wai)護層(ceng)(ceng)構(gou)成，有二(er)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字。無數(shu)(shu)(shu)字代(dai)表(biao)無鎧裝層(ceng)(ceng)，無外(wai)被(bei)層(ceng)(ceng)。第(di)一(yi)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字表(biao)示鎧裝，第(di)二(er)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字表(biao)示外(wai)被(bei)，如粗鋼絲鎧裝纖維外(wai)被(bei)表(biao)示為41。

3.電纜型號(hao)按電纜結構的排列一般依次序為：絕緣(yuan)材料；導體材料；內護層；外(wai)護層。

4.電纜產品用(yong)型號、額定(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)和(he)規格表(biao)示(shi)。其(qi)方法是在(zai)型號后再(zai)加上說(shuo)明額定(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)、芯數和(he)標稱截(jie)面(mian)積的。

型號詳細說明

（1）類別：H——市內通(tong)信電(dian)(dian)纜HP——配線電(dian)(dian)纜HJ——局(ju)用電(dian)(dian)纜

（2）絕(jue)緣：Y——聚(ju)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣YF——泡沫(mo)聚(ju)烯(xi)烴絕(jue)緣YP——泡沫(mo)/實(shi)心(xin)皮聚(ju)烯(xi)烴絕(jue)緣

（3）內護(hu)層：A——涂塑(su)鋁(lv)帶(dai)粘接屏蔽聚乙烯護(hu)套S——鋁(lv)，鋼雙(shuang)層金(jin)屬帶(dai)屏蔽聚乙烯護(hu)套      V——聚氯乙烯護(hu)套

（4）特征：T——石油膏填(tian)充G——高頻(pin)隔離(li)C——自承式

（5）外護層(ceng)：23——雙(shuang)層(ceng)防腐(fu)鋼帶繞包(bao)銷裝聚乙烯外被層(ceng)

33——單層(ceng)細鋼絲鎧裝聚乙烯被層(ceng)

43——單(dan)層粗(cu)鋼絲鎧(kai)裝聚乙烯被(bei)層

53——單層鋼帶皺紋縱包(bao)鎧(kai)裝聚(ju)乙烯外(wai)被層

553——雙層鋼帶(dai)皺紋縱包(bao)鎧裝聚乙烯外被層

2） BV 銅芯聚氯乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)線；BLV 鋁芯聚氯乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)線；

BVV 銅(tong)芯聚(ju)(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣聚(ju)(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)護(hu)套電線(xian)；BLVV 鋁芯聚(ju)(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣聚(ju)(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)護(hu)套電線(xian)；

BVR 銅芯聚(ju)(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕緣(yuan)軟(ruan)線；RV 銅芯聚(ju)(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕緣(yuan)安裝軟(ruan)線；

RVB 銅(tong)芯(xin)聚氯乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)平型(xing)(xing)連接線(xian)軟線(xian)；BVS 銅(tong)芯(xin)聚氯乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)絞(jiao)型(xing)(xing)軟線(xian)；

RVV 銅芯聚氯乙烯絕緣聚氯乙烯護套(tao)軟線(xian)；BYR 聚乙烯絕緣軟電線(xian)；

BYVR 聚乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)絕緣聚氯乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)護套軟(ruan)線；RY 聚乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)絕緣軟(ruan)線；

RYV 聚乙烯(xi)絕緣聚氯乙烯(xi)護套軟線

3）WD：無鹵(lu)低(di)煙型(xing)ZR: 阻(zu)燃型(xing)NH：耐火型(xing)DH：防火型(xing)